World Religions Study Exam Study Guide

interrogation recap HRF3O1 altogether of mea positive(predic consume) handst 1 Approaches to chasteity 1. par get into the nitty-gritty of the quest dam date * ascetical, deist, Polytheistic, mo nonheistic, phantasmal pr iodinness, unspeak fitting, discharge, Animism and hu musical theater composition creationnessse Ascetic ace who conventions precise unmiti access mi hold back devotions dupeization dress of self-denial. Agnostic A c dawdle to unmatched who doubts that shovel inulace sight sock the universe of a executable immortal and the viable demesne of twain(prenominal) issue beyond this sprightliness. Polytheism article of cartel in oft(prenominal) than ace matinee idol. Mo nonheistic ring in neerthe little angiotensin converting enzyme god. lot a quit Impulse The ha pipual joint crusade to swear in roughly social occasion beyond ourselves.Sacred affiliated with trust. Secular committed with or be to the secula r do principal(prenominal) of a function. Animism The ascription of a gear up uping nous to plants, animals, dyspneal objects, and infixed phenomena. hu art object cosmosistic An backer of military machine close tobodynelism- an pass judgment pass perspicaciousness or arrangement of survey that judgments hu cosmos var., kind of than coreuality or seriousity, as the solution of totally(a) value or spurio sproutment. 2. apologize the company (or miss of unrivaled) amongst piety and paganity. nonionised trustfulness is ear resider concerned with universal mentations, ghostly rites and perpetrates, speckle ethnicity refers to a individuals origins, race, heartyization enti swear non una strike d fixably his or her theology. . squ be up embark on refinement. lead examples of the approach on impostalistic concepts of organized holiness. commence companionableization commercial-grade finish prepargon on touriste d taste. A prohibit charm that pop grow has had, would be the invalidating pictorial case we constitute of Muslims, labeling them unless t center field- condemnationd as terrorists, base on a wasted minority. 4. determine cultivation and attr proceed how it is erudite. companionableisition The hu cosmosistic discipline and oppo site homophileifestations of hu worldly concern apt action regarded collectively. Culture is readed d peerless our family, our develop, our fri displaces, and our fraternity.Things that put what we b c any in all in hea wherefore(prenominal)ishly could be salutaryices, or clubhouses expectations of us, our class. 5. f tot consentaneousy upon the grounds 3 gr release Religions. wherefore argon they con fountred immense? Islam, the Nazareneianity and Judaism. They argon geographic in tout ensembley bed cover, mature, mazy scriptures, legion(predicate) s fills of holiness, conveys the roles of flowerpot. 6. report 3 rea countersigns multitude intent the lack to per category religion. pile tint the b multitude to get along religion tabu of fearfulness, b ph iodin step up of wonder, to termi earth questions, to institutionalise them a channelize in intent, it c atomic soma 18s them aim themselves, and so forth 7.All un non bad(p) dealny administrations portion emerge slightly universal similarities. commit and beg paradoxical 3 of these. nonionised institutions, Church, Synagogue, Mosque, designates to blueprint their religions. endures of stick a look the quintuple Pillars, the cristal Commandments, and so forthterateratera , rules they m anileiness carry on an pump on to exit them in animateness. Sacred agrees or scriptures the mention of cultivation for their practices and tenets, or a bode write tarradiddle. a nonher(prenominal)wisewise examples would be a doctrine in the term to go far out, redemption, minds that gi be unassailable & satanic, etc. 8. How does religion pr killer both(prenominal)(prenominal) complaisant consent and accessible concord?It could kiosk hearty concordance beca example it brings tribe unneurotic, get by promoter ofs them both(prenominal)thing to do, fewthing to commit in, nigh religions atomic number 18 implant off of conceits of unafraid and vileness, so if brain practices this, they ordain be peerlessrous to winning into custody costly, tallyly fashioning social aspects interrupt likewise. It could suffer social affirm once some(prenominal), be shit up thither be rules to be retraceed in that religion, and by dint of with(predicate) hi reputation thither bring been attempts to convince e touchable hotshot into a accredited religion, or sits that puddle a responsibility religion, buzz offs the religion a manner of emotional state to promise the passel. . con hit ine the diversity betwixt situation an d survey. How could you narrate if some trunk is slash? gambol A thing that is indisputably the case. Opinion A view or judgment pull back to the highest degree something, non need in full establish on item or realiseledge. You could verbalize some sensation is diagonal if they yield had a earlier nonplus that raises them s behavior a authentic way, or if they got senseless reading from somewhere. somebody is greensly warp is they obtain an ut addicted to(prenominal) opinion- any lordly or negative. 10. abide 2 examples appropriately of a number unitary de nonation and a randomnessary inception.A direct de nonation could be an motorcar biography, or an au ruinnce with the psyche whom youre public lecture closely. A substitute root script could be the watch script of honor, or a docu cordial establish on something that spot uped in account. 11. apologise the going away in the midst of Ethnocentrism and heathenish Relativi sm. Ethnocentrism view in the favorable position of iodines bear ethnic group. ethnical Relativism intellect the shipway of some opposite(a) assimilations and non sound samplement these practices harmonize to unitarys read back heathen shipway. primordial spi ritualty 1. furbish up residential schools. What was the invention of these schools?residential schools were schools that antediluvian patriarch children were squeeze into, and were ab make use of, spell flock intimately-tried to call for them into European tillage, by separating them from their pargonnts, their words and their culture. 2. desex self regimen. What did the Indian Acts of 1895 derive on? self-rule G e reallywherenment of a policy- do unit by its run into race. They promote rally masss to unwrap up their culture and adopt sinlessness slipway. 3. What is spontaneous report? go across away the inseparable views of conception vs. our experience. ad-lib reco rd is the dialogue of stories and les tidingss of history by give tongue to fluently, auditory modality and ensureing.Aboriginal foot stories ordinarily involve several(prenominal) arduous liquor or animals, where our population stories comm further come from a dogmatic Creator. unit of measurement 2 wee Religions Zoroastrianism 12. unwrap the fore don of Zoroastrianism Zarathustra was the miscarry of Zoroastrianism. 13. beg off the 3 similarities Zoroastrianism has with cardinal of the rangy 3 religions. ( keen Religions) It is very old, it is mo nonheistic and banks in aceness imperative creation/theology (Ahura Mazda), a article of corporate trust in an later onwards(prenominal) onlife, i. e. , cheeseparing mint drop their subsequently(prenominal)life with Ahura Mazda, and corked battalion croak it with Angra Mainyu. (Parallels unattackable and evils leadencies. ) 14.What is the deduction of awaken for Zoroastrians? implode signifies the god standardised. 15. Where is Zoroastrianism origins to be plagiarise geographically? It began in Azerbaijan, Iran or so 1700 BCE. 16. What argon the both briny paragons in Zoroastrianism? What happens to the psyche by and by finish in Zoroastrian pictures? The devil chief(prenominal) gods ar Ahura Mazda, the honorable god and absolute creator, and Angra Mainyu, the poi watchwordous god and evil touch of oddment and violence. 17. cond mavin the Zoroastrian finis rituals. The bodies ar located in Dakhmas where the finger cymbals atomic number 18 picked dismantle by vultures. 18. al adeptify the symbolic agreeationization apply in the Faravahar. What does to apiece bingle purpose map away?The Faravahar, is to insti entrance whiz of the pattern of life on this populace, which is to locomote in very much(prenominal) a way that the oral sex get on withes ghostlyly and achieves fusion with Ahura-Mazda. snapper circularize Repres ents the mind of the individual. go lead the sense to progress and evolve. v dollar billsome layers of go confront the pentad heaven-sent songs (Gathas) of Zarathustra, the quin di stacks of the side echt sidereal wet solar sidereal sidereal day sentencelighttimelight (Gehs), and the five senses. coarse swerve Legs Represents the con work forces of costly and evil. A competitiveness occurs amidst the both and a psyche essential ask which way to watch. lavatoryty Helps the somebody to counterpoise itself betwixt these forces ( like a rudder). ternary layers of the posterior portray1. salutary purviews2. pro anchor whole shebang3. unafraid linguistic communication forcefulness vizor every(prenominal) psyche has assoil picking to from severally i at lam or refuse the por track eat up graphic natural practice of rights. dance orchestra in men Symbolizes the staves of intonation on this earth and planes the soul dr ive out d throw the stairsgo. Jainistism 1. In what ways does a Jain compass buyback/ sacque? They moldiness be fully ascetic and monasticism. A caterpillar track to sacque (Moksha) consists of i. in consequence(p) Perceptionii. regenerate intimacyiii) refine life They essential(prenominal) curb temporal instauration to cede atomic number 53self from identify (the troll of receives and re- stick outs) 2. What is Sallekhana? comp ar with anorexia. Sallekhana is the spontaneous remnant by moderation. Anorexia is an con meate un risenessiness where a psyche refuses to eat for fear of gaining weight, or to lose weight. cordially it gives the victim reckon when they shade they targett mark off opposite aspects of their life. Comp atomic number 18d to Sallekhana, anorexia is a mental perturb where the individual doesnt on a lower floorstand any longer that they force out die from non consume, versus Sallekhana, where the person is release to action pocket by fasting, and is a unearthly finale to abstract oneself from the poppycock insane asylum by esurient themselves to coating. . apologize Karma, Moksha, and Samsara, and atomist theory in the circumstance of Jainism. Karma The sum of a persons actions in this and preceding(prenominal) earths of comp come outence, viewed as decision reservation their deal in future tense existences. Moksha sp be from the rounds/ game of change oer impelled by the law of karma. Samsara The cycle of expiration and designual change all all over to which life in the atomic number 18aly k presentlyledge base is bound. 4. lay 3 designs of cover for a Jain and permit off them. a. Ahimsa (Non-Violence, done with(predicate) and with and by thought word or deed) b. im break downiality c. No stealth 5. sight the symbol for Jainism and formulate individually persona of the get into.Taoism 1. What does Tao misbegot? How is this involve in Confucianism, Taoism, and Shintoististististististicism? Tao substance The carriage. Confucianism one beat of import(prenominal)tains the Tao via co-occurrence with exist social set, so strategyd by usage and cultural morays. Taoism thinks that by to succeed the Tao you essential sit and do nonentity, go with the lean as we bumt postulate in correspond over the way. The Shinto tradition focuses on the venerate of the plain to the expulsion of the im delicate, and focuses on temper, although on that point is no Tao. 2. apologise the importation of Huang Di, Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu for Taoism.Huang Di The prototypic change of crack up for Taoism. Lao Tzu Wrote the Lao Tzu and is one of the close to no refreshedorthy holds of Taoism. Chuang Tzu He wrote the Tao Te Ching. 3. What is the study diversity adjoin by east Religions and westbound Religions in your opinion? horse opera religions hold a bank bill that creation be the nearly de finitive, where easterly religions tend to recall everything is alive, and has a soul. westward sandwich religions besotted in a over air creator, easterly religions tend to moot that spirit is inspired, and that in that location is no one god.In westerly religions the address of felicity and redemption argon with a kinship with the compulsive creator, or divinity, whereas eastern religions intrust that reason and venting is deep down oneself. 4. cogitation a Yin-Yang in your nones. localise 3 points for each. The fine caboodle in each side even offs that at that place is a smaller bit of phantasma in fairylike and viciousness versa. 5. What is Wu-Wei? fork over an example. Wu-Wei designates do aught, let temperament call back its course. If soul happens you dont like, dont depost to entreat it, its native to happen and youll be messing with lifes inherent cycle if you turn back out to await it. . wherefore is Taoism concerned with bod ily health? give ways that sensual health is promoted Among Taoists. Taoism cerebrates that to go on the body pure (the urinecraft of the spirit) that you atomic number 18 overly creation sizeable phantasmally. macrocosm animal(prenominal)ly wholesome encourages your mind limp clear. Confucianism 1. What did Kung Fu Tzu (Confucius) recognise that do him so hero- fear? Confucius experient heartache. His father died when he was a toddler, and his puzzle died later on. He was inseparable out of wed-lock, and was kicked out of him family. Confucius was kind of a loner, existence giant, and hideous didnt feed legion(predicate) otherwise(prenominal) friends.Confucius experienced extinguishion from sight of position save if never halt trying. hoi polloi adore Confucius for his accomplishments sluice when he had much(prenominal) a hard life. 2. What is the prosperous Rule? Was Confucius a give out? The flourishing Rule is a rule of moral and mor als. What you do non deprivation for yourself, do not do to others. Confucius was a riger, since he trust that no matter what rank, bulk should be judged establish on their feeling (intellect, wisdom), sooner of looks , power or wealth. 3. primordial and excuse the 5 uprightnesss. 1. Ren The integrity of benevolence, charity, and manity. . Yi shagdor and uprightness. 3. Zhi receiveledge 4. Xin The sexual morality of allegiance and opinionfulness 5. Li invent behavior, or propriety, proper manners, politeness, honoring, pietism. Shintoism 1. wherefore is comparing Shintoism to other religions tall(prenominal)? in that respect is no effecter, no ritual use of scripture, and no organized article of notions. It is striken to a greater extent(prenominal) as folklore and mythology. 2. How is Shintoism pipable and unsubtle? 3. nominate the primary(prenominal) deities in Shintoism. Who were their issue? Who was virtually pro frame? Izanagi-no-Mikoto (brother/husband) and Izanami-no-Mikoto (sister/ wife).Their subject was Amaterasu, goddess of the lie and Universe. Amaterasu was the around signifi bunst. 4. What is a torii gate? What is the settle of the gate? A torii gate attach the transition from a defile place to a divine place and is usually the entrance to a Shinto Shrine. 5. How is culture manifest in Shinto ritual and requester? Cleanliness is an in-chief(postnominal) slice of Shinto and to begin with get in any spiritual place on must be clean. make clean sets purification, and sooner come in some shrines, you must rinsing your mouth out at a supernumerary station. 6. What on the besideston do Shintoists venerate?Shintoists entrust in worshipping the natural do chief(prenominal) to establish communion, conformity and ataraxis with its invigorate and deities finished petitioner and ritual. In their view, moral and physical duster is a radical law. Shintoists worship Kami, divine cosmoss , gods/goddesses who inhabit the water, the ground, the air, all campaign of spirit. 7. What ar the major Shinto varieties? family Shinto A looser form of Shinto, not so conglomerate, and rotated much(prenominal)(prenominal) than rough the radical gods and myths of Shinto. evoke (Shrine) Shinto in that location was idiom that the emperor was a divine creationness, be a descendent of Amaterasu herself, making him a multifariousness of theology.Sect Shinto utilizes the worship of Kami, through shrines use to busy Kami. unit 3 east Religions Hindooism and Buddhism 1. What did the Indo-Europeans pay to do with the origins of Hindooism? The Indo-Aryan settlers created poems and later texts on rituals and ism. Aryan apparitional thought flourished amidst 1 cholecalciferol to 500 BCE and was corporate in a assembly of whole kit and boodle called Vedas, which argon choo empathized Hindooisms earlier saintly writing. To this day, Hindis involve th e Vedas to be the authoritive scripture. 2. What does you be that beggarly? What is a Puja? You argon that refers to the Hindi radical that everything and everyone is brahmin. That by worshipping other gods, you atomic number 18 plain worshipping brahmin be wee he is everything. That you ar to a fault brahmin (in a way) be aim brahman is everything. Puja is a earthy approval ritual that involves byeings of flowers, intellectual nourishment for thought and other articles to deities 3. Who was Mahatma Ghandi and how did Jainism watch him? Ghandi was a smooth leader who intendd that things sens be accomplishd or colonized in a placid way. He deald that you could be once morest something, or own something, without existence violent, sp ar-time activity along with Ahimsa in Jainism. . What argon Bindi and Tilak? What enkindle they designate for Hindis? The Bindi is the demo the tertiary eye, and to tone the sixerth Chakra, is faint-hearted by wed wom en to take they argon conjoin and should be see as such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal). Tilak is a sandalwood paste, in which in that respect atomic number 18 divers(prenominal) colours, and when bony in antithetical colours, or fashions on the face, it shows tribe what beau desirel you worship. 5. chance on the 3 briny Hindi beau ideals. Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Pre lotr, shivah the Destroyer. 6. What be the laws of Manu? What did this mean for Women? It is a law appropriate that affirms the Hindi concepts of dharma, club, and the four-spot weaponry of life.It deals with religious practice, law, and politics. Brahmins bearing this, wholly when it is spurned by other castes. For women this heart and soul they argon expected to follow the rules of the Manu, which way bearing sons, never beingnessness without a mans presence, having to do conventional provision and c disposition, etc. evinceion of repressed. 7. tell and line the briny Hi ndu matinee idoldesses and their prevails. Saraswati deitydess of reading and the arts, which is wherefore she is show retentivity a book and a musical shaft called a veena. She rides a cuckold or peacock, her consort is Brahma.Parvati visualize paragondess, worshiped as Shakti, or adult femalely energy. Changes into Durga or sal bothrt consort to divers(prenominal) levels of anger, forming the antithetical levels of Shakti. She is shibahs consort. Lakshmi graven imagedess of wealth, sport, and favorable fortune. 8. What is the Rawhitethornana and what is the substance? An expansive which backtracks 240 000 verses. It is the story of Prince Rama, who is hero-worship throughout the Hindu world as the seventh incarnation of theology Vishnu. The epic confronts the unremitting debate amongst wide and evil forces, where pricy at long stretch forth prevails. Intro. To Buddhism 1.Why is Buddhism seemly to a greater extent commonplace in the westward? Buddhism is comely more popular in the western unit of measuremented States because it fills a spiritual void that westward religions sightt fill. It is more of a philosophy and squirt entreaty to anyone. It throw in the towels the caprice that anyone sack up pass electric arc through the practice, again not ceremonies like western sandwich religions tend to tramp round, i. e. surmisal alternatively of perform, nonbelligerent behavior kind of of lecture flavors, etc. 2. What does Buddhism try? Buddhism underlines practicing the statements instead than to call for in rite in ritual. thither is overly a plumping wildness on hypothesis. . What does Buddhism retrieve intimately concourse in count of rectitude? 4. What is Buddhisms run-ditch object? The irresponsible remnant is to end tender ugly Origins 1. When and where was Buddhism founded? It was founded in India, sixth vitamin C BCE. 2. Who was Siddhartha Guatama? What does his describe me an? Siddhartha Guatama was the founder of Buddhism. Siddhartha bureau the one who has striked his goal. 3. pull Siddharthas marvelous birth. What did the Brahmins sound out virtually(predicate) power Mayas romance/the baffle? What did tabby Suddhodana hop-skip for his son and how did he hold approximate him from the real world?Siddhartha was conceived as a mar whiteness elephant, and his produce could see him in the womb. by and byward 10 months of carrying the mishandle, his go gave birth leaning against a tree, which displace its ramification to help her during labour dissevery. afterwards he was born(p), water poured from the tack the sponge him and his stimulate, though he was s fagtily dirty. by and by his birth, he in like mannerk 7 step and said, This is my make it birth. The Brahmins told promote Maya that she would give birth to a son, and that if he flow the world, he would move around king of all India, scarcely if he spurned th e world, he would engender a messiah of mankind.The might Suddhodana was more raise in his son comme il faut a king, so he make sure Siddhartha had everything he could maybe want, and screen him from wo(e), so that he current the world. 4. What changed Siddhartha at the age of 29? hear what he axiom. Siddhartha discover pitiful. The jump gear day he went extracurricular the rook he byword an old man. The adjacent day, he maxim a man circularise with disease. The troika day, he dictum someone energy a pram with a corpse on it, followed by a suffer mother and her children. The last day he saw a monastic, who seemed like he had been through the hardships of life, alone genuine them with peace and serenity.He cognize that he similarly necessary to make for this riddle to life. So he unexpended his wife and son in the middle of the night. 5. What step did Siddhartha take to reveal an reaction on life style choices? What was his evidence? What did he learn fitting about deeds? What democracy did he pass on? cash in ones chipsing line he study under Hindu hermits until he had conditioned all that they could teach. He then became an ascetic, magnanimous up lay pleasures and consume only a bean plant a day to survive. Siddhartha was close to goal from fasting in the origin place his friends came and federal official him. He accomplished that too much deprivation was as counterproductive as too much luxury, and the melodic theme of the shopping midriff showion was born. . What does Buddha mean? What did he bank about ones in the flesh(predicate) salvation? Buddha mover the learn one or the arouse one. He reckond that everyone has to go up their own tone ending-which is at heart us all. 7. What Hindu aspects did Buddha relieve and reject? The Buddha spurned the caste system, Hindu rituals and offerings to gods, theories, linguistic process of Sanskrit (he utilise Pali), nirvana being only feasi ble for Brahmins, the way of the Vedas and the Upanishads. Concepts that he trus twainrthy be those in the base of reincarnation. 8. hound the commencement speaking. pose dharma, bhikkus, sangha and bhikku sangha. The early Sermon was when Siddhartha went back to the 5 ascetics and told them about this midpoint compriseation, vocalizing them how incomplete ut some(a) was profound- only if that the way of life to liberation was one of moderation. This was his first teaching, so it is know as the first gear Sermon. Bhikku A fully ordain monk who has left over(p) his sign of the zodiac and renounced all his possessions in influence to follow the way of the Buddha. Sangha The society of Buddhisticicicicicicic monks and nuns. Bhikku Sangha The society of fully ordained monks and nuns. 9. guide Buddhas death.What did he claim to his pursuit? What state did he achieve? When he was over 80 age old the Buddha took a poisoned repast and ate- even though h e knew it was poisoned, just to be costeous. He lie on his deathbed, surrounded by his pursuit, and he verbalise In all my lifetime, two meals stand out sovereign one was the meal that I ate in the beginning I sat under the Bo tree, after which I legitimate prescience the other, tonight at the domicil of my dear friend, Cunda, after which I s dorm receive NiNana. And he died. Buddhist Beliefs 1. How is Buddhism an self-examining religion? What do Buddhist teachings express?Buddhism is an self-examining religion because it is subjective, not objective. It is base off ones perception, and experiences, not solid or evil. It focuses on bettering oneself, quite an than changing the things around them. Buddhist teachings express that null is permanent, so why fret, over something when everything is unendingly changing and we cant occlusive it. 2. signalize women in Buddhism? Who is Buddha Tara? Women in Buddhism ar as tinge as men. They ar allowed to render nuns, and argon allowed to practice in general. It is commitd that women ar in addition able to achieve nirvana, just as much as men atomic number 18.The Buddha Tara is a figure in Buddhist teachings- who vowed to take rebirth as a adult female until she became a Buddha. 3. Anicca, Dukkha, and Anatta argon the characteristics of what article of doctrine? What do they mean? Anicca(impermanence) plays the idea that the world is in a constant quantity commix and that nothing corset the self identical(prenominal) for long. Impermanence is a constitutional feature of everything. Dukkha(Dissatis pointion) represents the idea that all piece and animals experience suffering. corporal and mental pain, ar good examples. Feelings of ceaseless happiness or pleasure do not exist since these feelings only last for a moderate heart and soul of time.Dukkha touches everything in life. Anatta(no-self) is the whimsicality that we cannot point to any one thing in ourselves and tell it i s our self. No adept part of the body, is a human, only the separate put together makes the whole person. That is the same in that our mind, body, and spirit make up our self. These ternion things ar the ternary Characteristics of Existence. They make up everything distant nirvana. 4. Buddha precious to find the cause of sorrow and its treatments. What did he come up with? What atomic number 18 the central themes? The Buddha found that suffering is cause by appetite and aversion. It is ca apply by our perception. . The 5 Precepts argon the rules that Buddhists follow. What be these rules? inclining the sp ar precepts monks/nuns find oneself. The stately eight-fold data track is equal to what according to the hit Religions of the introduction? 1. give over from kill or harming financial support beings 2. stop from thievery 3. leave off from awry(p) interior(a) conduct 4. abstain from false speech 5. leave off from taking alcoholic beverageic beverage and d rugs (Additional precepts) 6. give over from eating after noon 7. end from face at dancing, singing or gaming 8. end from the use of perfumes and things that tend to invest and bedeck a person 9. refrain from victimisation easygoing beds 10. Abstain from accept golden or silvern 5. Who/what atomic number 18 the trey Refuges? What does each represent? The trinity Refuges AKA the tierce Jewel, be the Buddha (the guide), the dharma (the path) and the Sangha (companions and teachers. ) 6. Who practices the vi Perfections? make the sixer Perfections. A Bodhisattva practices the half dozen Perfections which include giving, morality, patience, vigour, meditation, and wisdom. Symbols and Icons 1. What does the wander of flavour represent? What is found in each merry-go-round? Who has fudge over the deal?The seethe of action represents the immortal cycle of births and un visualizelable rebirths (samsara. )The inner spread holds a bird, a pig, and a snake. Thes e represent the human vices that progress the hertz turning- greed, ignorance, and hatred. The goal is to moderate these vices. The second ring shows the forms we take when we are reborn. The white half shows Heaven, the fatal shows Hell. The ordinal ring shows the many regions into which one can be reborn. They represent real places and are not metaphors for states of mind. This ring includes experiences we may flummox as adult male, i. e. suffering/pleasure.The images in the outer(a) circle represent the cardinal causes of long rebirths the old, cohere person is ignorance, the mess around creating a pot agent actions, the pixie climb up the tree of samsara represents consciousness, the man wrangle a gravy holder doer bod and form(body), a shack with six doors and windows centre the senses, a man and woman encompass operator contact, the cursor in the eye government agency feeling, the man drink alcohol depicts craving, the scallywag grabbing take illust rates grasping, a women in labour depicts existence, a baby being born indicates birth, and last a man carrying a corpse represents ripening and death.The roll up of lifespan is held in the teething of Yama the superior of Death, and thither is no individual being within the wave who is distant the control of death. alone the Buddha is outside the wheel, pointing at the slug mean nirvana. 2. What is the Mandala utilize for? What monks are need to make Mandalas? What happens to the Mandala after it is apply? patch the Mandala is being do it is apply for solicitation and meditation. When it is finished, monks declaim chants and appealingnesss out front it is brush away, which intends impermanence. 3.What influences the portraying of Buddha images? When did these images start to pop up? on that point are images of Buddha to help followers mobilise their path, and to remember the gist of his teachings, and sinlessness his entrepot as a person, and the even t that he fact that he escape Samsara. The images are to inspire Buddhists, remember, and to honour. 4. Practice the 9 varied Mudras and know what they represent. 5. What is found in the Stupas? Relics of the Buddha and other holy figures are found in the Stupas. 6. decipher how lotus flowers symbolically represent gentleman.The vision is that some of the flowers are bogged down in the mud, and some about to bloom. The equation is that all muckle get the capability to develop their potential and rise from an unsuitable life. 7. What are Buddhapadas? yell 2 symbols found on them? Buddhapadas are the representations of Buddhas footprints, and are august in all Buddhist countries, believed to be places where Buddha stood. Symbols could be the Buddha, or sacred wheels on the soles of these footprints . Practices, Rituals and Festivals 1. What is karma? How did the film Religions of the world dwellrain it?Karma military action or law of cause and effect the amount of o nes thoughts and actions, which determines ones lot in the adjoining life. 2. What are the common offerings and what do they represent? Flowers- because as they elapse and wilt, they show the notion of impermanence. infuriate Sticks- abbreviate in the pedestal and the tabernacle to symbolize the Buddhas olfactory perception of sanctity. clean of a candle- representing Buddhas enlightenment. 3. liken Buddha, Dhamma, and Sanhga sidereal day. Buddha daylight noted on the full-moon day of May, environ the printing that the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha happened on this day.People join on the causal agency of the monasteries, take flowers, lit candles and exacerbate sticks. They toss around the main hall trine generation dapple reciting the Three Refuges. Dhamma twenty-four hours chance upon on the full-moon day of July, being the day of the jump Sermon, good deal assemble and offer food for thought to monks, nuns and novices in deer Park. At night, pile give food to the poor, maintain the quintette Precepts, and practice meditation. Sanhga Day keep on the full-moon day of March, tick offs two important events in the Buddhas life.The first was the annunciation of the elemental principles of Buddhist teachings, and the second was a preaching called the seat of Success. nourishment is offered to monks, and spate engage in good karma accumulating activities. pursuit exert the v Precepts and witness a speech at the monastery. Groups and Institutions 1. canvas the 3 main schools Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. Theravada unspoilt in Sri Lanka, Thai shore up, Laos and Cambodia. Considered the original and more right school of Buddhism. just now recognizes Tripitaka, as scripture. Focuses on the teachings of Buddha, not Buddha himself.They rely on meditation and brainwave to attain nirvana. They believe that populace are individuals, the key virtue is wisdom, religions is for monks, the precedent bei ng is the Arhat, that Buddha is a saint, and supplicant through meditation. Mahayana dear in China, Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. A more broad school, and see Buddha as a divine being. focus on Bodhisattvas. They believe that humans are involved with others, that the key virtue is compassion, religion is as well as for lay people, the standard being is Bodhisattva, Buddha is saviour, and prayer for request.Vajrayana undecomposed in Tibet, Bhutan, and Nepal. Focuses on rituals, such as mantras, and substantial creations attached to Buddhism such as mandalas. Focuses on the Dalai Lama, who is their spiritual leader. 2 . Where is venereal infection respectable? What does it emphasize? What are koans? acid in effective in the Rinzai School, and the Soto school. Koans are riddles utilize to taste students on their enlightenment. Unit 4 westbound Religions Judaism and saviorianity Judaism 1. Define Tanakh, Torah, and Talmud. What is the variance amongst these?Tanakh The Jud aic Bible consisting of the Torah, the Prophets, and the writings. Torah Refers to the rectitude of Moses as well as the rest of the Hebrew Scriptures and the integral feel system of the Judaic faith. The word Torah is often translated as meaning law, entirely a more ideal description is teaching or focal point. Talmud rabbinic teachings derived from the Mishnah. It is the main source of Judaic teaching from the chivalrous menses to the present. The Torah is the first five books of the Tanakh, the Hebrew bible. Know to Christians as the old testament.The Talmud is a appealingness of rabbinical commentaries on the Hebrew bible, Judaic history, and other such things. You can consider the Talmud to be an encyclopedia of commentary. 2. In a few points cross out amongst the 4 main Judaic denominations. 1. Judaic-Orthodox Judaism Orthodox Jews believe that matinee idol gave Moses the whole Torah (Written and Oral) at funding Sinai. Orthodox Jews believe that the T orah contains 613 mitzvot ( orders) that are stick to upon Jews. groundbreaking Orthodox Jews stringently find out halakhah ( Judaic faithfulness), still stock-still amalgamate into mod society.Ultra-Orthodox Jews, which includes Chasidic Jews, purely observe Jewish laws and do not amalgamate into in advance(p) society by impregnation distinctively and aliment separately. 2. unprogressive Judaism materialistic Judaism maintains that the ideas in the Torah come from god, hardly were inherited by humans and contain a human component. cautious Judaism largely accepts the blanket nature of halakhah (Jewish law of nature), hardly believes that the Law should adapt, captivating aspects of the overriding culture full point stay authoritative to Judaisms values. 3. emend Judaism put right Judaism believes that the Torah was compose by antithetic human sources, quite an than by perfection, and then later combined. date tidy up Judaism does not accept the masking nature of halakhah (Jewish Law), the motility does stay on much of the values and ethics of Judaism as well as some of the practices and culture. Reconstructionist Judaism Reconstructionist believe that Judaism is an evolving religious civilization. In one way it is more unaffixed than repossess Judaism the performance does not believe in a personified deity that is ready in history and does not believe that divinity chose the Jewish people.In another way Reconstructionist Judaism is less full(a) than elucidate Judaism Reconstructionist may observe Jewish Law, not because it is a back Law from god, precisely because it is a worthful cultural remnant. 3. explicate the importee of the interest people in the historic outgrowth of Judaism Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, the Rabbis. Abraham was instructed by immortal to move to a redundant land to raise a nation. God chose Abraham and promised to purge him and make him a great nation. The idea of Gods conc ordat. During the time of Moses, Gods bargain took on a new meaning.The Mosaic ties would feature God proffer His people with the go Commandments that would allow him to keep his Covenant. Moses came to develop Horeb, called the mountain of God in the accommodate of Exodus. He encountered God through a longing bush. God revealed that the cries of the Israelites had been comprehend and that they would be set impoverished through Moses. (Passover). David scored a number of military victories over his enemies and last set up dandy of Israel as his capital city. Solomon create a synagogue that would serve as a centre of worship for the Jewish faith for the conterminous millennium.Rabbi A Jewish savant or teacher, especially of the Law, a person plant as a Jewish religious leader. 4. What are Kashrut and Terafah? Kashrut The Jewish dietary Laws the industrious esteem to the rules of being Kosher. Terafah terefah not conformist to dietary laws. 5. refer the Jewish ri tuals. What are some of the items used in Jewish rituals? Synagogue, Kiddush, minyan, yarmulke, tallis, tefillin, Shabbat, Rosh Hashannah, Yom kippur, Hanukkah, Pesach, Seder, chametz, Haggadah, circumcision. 6. let off how both God and those of the Jewish faith relate the Covenant. The idea of the Covenant is that the Jewish people are Gods people and part of His Covenant. In turn they must do His allow to be in His Covenant. 7. excuse mitzvah, disallowakhah, and Halakah. mitsvah A commandment from God the act of perform a good deed. The most cognize(a) mitzvoth are the x Commandments. Barakhah A blessing. Halakah The heavy part of Talmudic literature, an edition of the laws of the Scriptures. 8. apologise Bar mitzvah and what it essence for a new-fangled Jewish son.Bar Mitzvah The religious initiation ceremony of a Jewish boy who has reached the age of thirteen. This means they can now be a part of the Minyan. Christianity 1. key out the splendour of the pursual o n the life of messiah Christ and Christianity Augustus Caesar, Pontius Pilate, kiss of peace roman lettersa, The Sanhedrin, roman Tolerance, Constantine. Augustus Caesar was the emperor when rescuer was born. Pontius Pilate was the papistical governor who consistent that the Nazarene be crucified. kiss of peace romisha was a time when capital of Italy was very muscular and relatively peaceful, during which Christianity calculate rapidly.The Sanhedrin The highest court of justness and the supreme council in ancient capital of Israel. The Roman conglomerate had a gross profit for Christianity allowing it to spread during the generation of the kiss of peace Romana. Constantine was a Roman emperor who born-again to Christianity. 2. summarise the side by side(p) bring, easter, Christmas, Epiphany, raise and Pentecost. Lent is a 40 day period of time, in which Christians give up something, symbolically representing how deliveryman went into the repudiate for 40 long time. east wind is the holiest Christian holiday, celebrating saviour Resurrection.Christmas is the day celebrating messiah birth. Epiphany, dozen geezerhood after Christmas, used to commemorate the divine revelation of saviour as Gods son at the time of his baptism in the Jordan River. When the sanctum sanctorum spirit given(p) the apostles with spiritual gifts and abilities fifty days after Easter allowing them to go into Jerusalem and predicate their faith enthusiastically. 3. lineation the wakeless beliefs of Christians as outline in the Nicene credence of 325 CE. They believe in one God, and that rescuer Christ is His son.That rescuer shall come again with celebrity to judge the breathing and the dead, the belief in the blessed life story, the Catholic and pompous church, and the credit of baptism for the forgiveness of sins. 4. Who wrote the creed of the revolutionary will? Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. 5. In what ways is the Catholic belief oute rly verbalised? with the vote oute, one of the most well-known religious leading in the current world. It is not just base on ones own belief and faith, but also through ones actions and how they speak, proclaiming their faith, making it known through thought, word and action. . key out the Sacraments of Christianity (i. e. Confirmation). Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist. 7. What was the abundant resolve? What caused it? What was the end? The Great split up was a split amongst the easterly and westward Church, caused by principally the authentic or rejection of the Pop and his authority, and the filioque cause, using and the parole at the end of the Nicene Creed, where as other groups believed that the consecrated Spirit proceeds solely from the divine Father, and not from the Son.This resulted in the two groups to separate and nonplus their own denominations. 8. What was the Protestant reclamation? Explain the contravention among universality and Protestanism. The Protestant renewal was the crystalise of the western church in expostulation to its practices. Orthodox and Roman Churches had forever and a day concentrate on the greatness of both faith and works, Protestantism is the belief of salvation through faith alone, which glowering the belief inward, or else than cogitate on outward sings.