Illegal Immigration in America

Hendry Miranda Professor Pauline Rodock English 1301 October 10, 2012 Illegal Immigration in America America has always been a country of immigrants. Ever since the birth of this nation, waves of immigrants have come here in search of a happier life. America is known all over the world as a place where people can be free in so many different ways, a place where prosperity is possible for those who work hard and want a better life for their offspring. The dilemma is though, many of those pursuing the â€Å"American Dream† come here illegally, and thus breaking the laws of the very same country they want to live in, right from the beginning.This research exposes some facts about the so heated debate of illegal immigration in America. In recent years America has experienced a record of illegal immigration without precedents. According to the USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Service) there are two classes of illegal immigrants. First class corresponds to â€Å"ove r-stayers†, and this refers to those people who at some point legally entered the United States under any kind of visa, and simply stayed once that document expired.Most of this â€Å"over-stayers† are foreigners who came to the United States with student visas, or who came here with tourist/business visas. Even though once they over stay they are considered illegal immigrants, the government has an idea of who those people are because these kind of immigrants need to go through extensive filters in the American embassies of their country in order to get an American visa. On the other hand, the USCIS also has the Illegal Alien classification. These are the people who enter the United States without any kind of legal registry or document.The vast majority of these illegal aliens enter the United States through the Mexican border. Also, most of these immigrants are of Hispanic origins, specifically Mexicans. â€Å"Between now and 2020, the Hispanic population will increa se by 77%, compared to a 69% for Asians, 32% for African Americans, 26% for Native Americans, and 1% for non-Hispanic whites, according to the Alliance for Excellent Education. As a result, by 2020 the nation’s adult population, ages 25 to 64, will be 63 percent white, 17 percent Hispanic, 13 percent African American, 6 percent Asian, and about 1% native American† highlighted in Hardy, page 5). This illegal immigration issue has am impact in every aspect of the American way of life. Many will say and prove that the illegal immigration problem is out of control. It is estimated that more than 20 million people live illegally in the United States. Those who are pro illegal immigration insist that is wrong to label these people as â€Å"criminals† since their only â€Å"crime† is to come to America in search of better opportunities, in search of what for any reason they cannot have in their homeland.They claim that they come here to work, â€Å"to do the job s most American will not do†. Many of these groups believe that amnesty should be granted to those who meet some basic requirements, such as living in the United States continuously for more than 7 years, not having a criminal record etc. Illegal immigration groups have deep roots in many places in America and they have supporter that will do anything in order to protect the â€Å"basic rights† of the individuals that find themselves in this dilemma.A very good example of this, are the so called Sanctuary Cities: â€Å"In the United States, a number of cities in the southwest have declared themselves cities of refugee or asylum for undocumented immigrants. In April 2006, for example, Oakland, California city officials declared that would no longer cooperate with federal officials in conducting raids to capture undocumented immigrants† (highlighted in Carlson, page 267). These cities actually facilitate the stay of illegal immigrants by providing free medical care , no checks for obtaining jobs, no checks for renting a home just to name a few.San Francisco is well known to be a major Sanctuary city for illegal immigrants. Many of the illegal immigrants also use the â€Å"Anchor Baby† phenomenon. Meaning they will have kids in American soil who have the right to citizenship, in the hopes that one day they will obtain citizenship too through their American-born kids. They take advantage of the 14th Amendment, which grants citizenship to any person born in American soil. This is an outdated law that, after the end of the American Civil War, granted citizenship to the newly freed African American slaves.Illegal immigrants do not pay income taxes but at the same time have access to all the benefits provided by the taxpayers. Also the school systems are overcrowded in many states, thanks to the increasing number of illegal immigrants. In many cases, being an illegal immigrant can actually benefit these people: â€Å"Texas was the first stat e to respond, passing legislation granting in-state tuition rates to illegal students in 2001. California followed later that year. Other states that have enacted such laws include Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Utah, and Washington† (highlighted in Gilroy, page 16).Many anti-amnesty groups explain that opposing the amnesty is not a racial issue, but a matter of doing what’s right. The United States of America is a country of law, and by entering illegally they’re already breaking the law, right from the beginning. It’s not being anti immigration, â€Å"legal† is the key word here. Granting citizenship to illegal alien would encourage more illegal immigration. Not only that, but it will be taken as an insult by all the legal immigrants who did the right thing and followed the rules of the game to be in the United States.Most legal immigrants spend a lot of time and effort in order to get here, in some cases having to pay thousands of dollars and having to wait years for that privilege. The dram act is another attempt by illegal-immigrant supporters to legalize their status. It basically would give a path to citizenship to illegal immigrants who came to the United States as children, brought by their parents and with no faults of their own. They would have to be under the age of 16, have finished High School, free of criminal records and willing to serve in the military for at least two years.While this might sound fair for the illegals, then again it is unfair for those who came here legally and many people see this as another invitation to come to this country illegally. It is true, there must be an immigration reform, and a solution must be found to deal with the millions of illegal immigrants currently in America. Until that happens, the government should do all in its power to stop this issue from becoming bigger. The borders need to be secured and the constitution amended so illegal aliens sto p taking advantage of the â€Å"anchor baby† tactic.America still is one if not the most multicultural country in the world, Works Cited Carlson, D. (2009). The Border Crossed Us: Education, Hospitality politics, and the Social Consturction of the â€Å"illegal immigrant†. Educational Theory, 59(3), 259-277. Gilroy, M. (2009). Battle Continues over In-State Tuition for Illegal immigrants. Education Digest: Essential Readings Condensed For Quick Review, 74(8), 16-20. Hardy, L. (2007). Coping with Illegal immigrants in School. Education Digest: Essential Readings Condesnsed For Quick Review, 72(9), 4-6.

Interperative Biography of Leonardo Da Vinci

E Interpretive Biography Leonardo Dad Vinci is considered one of the greatest geniuses of all time. He was the epitome of the term â€Å"Renaissance Man†, which meaner a person with many talents. During the Italian Renaissance Dad Vine's accomplishments ranged from many fields such as anatomy, engineering, mathematics, nature ,philosophy, painting, sculpting and architecture. His achievements in these fields stem from an early age, Dad Vinci was an illegitimate child born of â€Å"Seer Piper, a notary, and Catering, a peasant woman who were unmarried†.At the age of 15 Dad Vinci was sent to Florence to be an Prentice of an aspiring artist named Overarching. This is where Dad Vine's talent for painting was first seen it is said that Overarching was so impressed with Leonardo addition to Veronica's painting that he break his paint brushes and said I will never paint again. According to Giorgio Vassar, Leonardo first demonstration of his talent in painting was while he was an apprentice in Veronica's studio.Leonardo helped in painting Veronica's Baptism of Christ he painted the left handed angel, which made the other figure look His contribution, the left-hand angel, made the other figures look bland and dull. It is said by Vassar that Overarching was so impressed by his apprentice's painting that it was said that he took his paint brushes and snapped and said that he will never paint again since Dad Vinci surpassed him.After this stage in Dad Vine's life he was accepted into the painter's guild of Florence, a guild was a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power. After leaving Veronica's studio, Leonardo talent became widely known throughout Florence, however gained a reputation for not completing jobs he was commissioned. A commission that he received while in Florence was The Adoration of the Magi in 1481; it was an important work for monks of San Donate from a monastery At Scope Leonardo left this work undone in 1482 when he left for Milan.During his time in Milan he was commissioned another work which was from the Church of Francesco Grandee which asked him to paint The Virgin of the Rocks which was not done until twenty- five years later. It was during this time period that he wrote to Duke Oxfords in which he stated that he was a military inventor and engineer that could make indestructible bridges and safe chariots, at the end of the letter he also stated that he was an architect, sculptor and a painter. An excerpt from Vicar's book stated that â€Å"He also painted in Milan, for the Friars of S.Dominic, at S. Maria dell Gracie, a Last Supper, a most beautiful and marvelous thing; and to the heads of the Apostles he gave such majesty and beauty, that he left the head of Christ unfinished, not believing that he was able to give it that divine air which is essential to the image of Christ. This work, remaining thus all but finished, has ever been held by the Melamine in the greatest v eneration, and also by strangers as well; for Leonardo imagined and succeeded in expressing that anxiety which had sized the Apostles in wishing to know who should betray their Master.For which reason in all their faces are seen love, fear, and wrath, or rather, sorrow, at not being able to understand the meaning of 550) this showed his artistic views and how he displayed images as an art master. â€Å"Leonardo Last Supper, painted in Milan, is a brilliant summary of fifteenth-century trends in its organization of space and use of perspective to depict subjects three-dimensionally in a two- dimensional medium. â€Å"(Spiegel, 2009) Leonardo importance wasn't realized till the High Renaissance where he was presented as â€Å"a transitional figure in the shift to High Renaissance principles.He carried on the fifteenth- century experimental tradition by studying everything and even dissecting human bodies to see more clearly how nature worked. But Leonardo stressed the need to advan ce beyond such realism and initiated the High Renaissances preoccupation with the idealization of nature, or the attempt to generalize from realistic portrayal to an ideal form. â€Å"(Spiegel, 2009) Leonardo exhibited a period of the Renaissance where artist tried to make a realistic portrayal to an ideal portrayal.A description given by Giorgio Vassar in his biography of Leonardo Dad Vinci named The Genius of Leonardo Dad Vinci shows a firsthand source of how others thought of him â€Å"In the normal course of events many men and women are born with various remarkable qualities and talents; but occasionally, in a way that transcends nature, a single person is marvelously endowed by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that he leaves other men far behind, all his actions seem inspired, and indeed everything he does clearly comes from God rather than from human art. (Vassar, 1 550) shows the respect that Leonardo received from there artist during his lifetime. L eonardo most famous work is the Mona Lisa which was commissioned by Francesco Del Giaconda to make a portrait his wife; and after toiling over it for four years, he left it unfinished. Leonardo had one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance. He tried to understand the inner workings of nature. Majority of his inventions and scientific ideas were ahead of its time. Leonardo was one of the first people to study the flight of birds and make an invention that modeled after how they glided in the wind.He also made drawings, schematics and designs for tanks, helicopters, and a parachute. Leonardo importance to art was even greater than his importance to science. He had a strong influence on many leading artists, including Raphael and Michelangelo. Leonardo balanced compositions and idealized figures became standard features of later Renaissance art. Painters also tried to imitate Leonardo knowledge of perspective and anatomy, and his accurate observations of nature. What most im presses people today is the wide range of Leonardo talent and achievements.He turned his attention to many subjects and mastered nearly all. His inventiveness, versatility, and wide-ranging intellectual curiosity have made Leonardo a symbol of he Renaissance spirit. † (Bin) Leonardo most important successes were the two techniques that he created which were suffuse and chiaroscuro. They are both painting techniques that deal with using shades of light and dark colors. Kauffman in â€Å"painting or drawing, the fine shading that produces soft, imperceptible transitions between colors and tones. (Britannica) Chiaroscuro is a â€Å"technique employed in the visual arts to represent light and shadow as they define three-dimensional objects. Some evidence exists that ancient Greek and Roman artists used chiaroscuro effects, UT in European painting the technique was first brought to its full potential by Leonardo Dad Vinci in the late 1 5th century in such paintings as his Adorati on of the Magi (1481). â€Å"(Britannica) Other important successes that Dad Vinci made were in engineering advance defenses for Milan.While he was working on the last supper he also made plans for mortars, battering rams, scaling ladders halberds and other defenses. Leonardo had many inventions and designs that were not recognized till his notebook was found and deciphered. Dad Vine's notebooks with his diagrams of engineering have drawings of the machines and brief notes that explain them. Dad Vinci was thorough in his anatomical diagrams and dissections, dissecting dead bodies were outlawed in Florence so that is why Dad Vinci was only allowed to perform dissections on criminals.

Alcohol Consumption As we discussed in class, t Essays

Alcohol Consumption As we discussed in class, there is a concept that each individual has more than one "self." An individual has both a physical "self" and a mental or emotional "self." I will give you an example to illustrate this concept. Many people who wake up to an alarm in the morning often find it very difficult to get themselves out of bed. They may know that they will be late for class or for work if they stay in bed but their bodies are in need of more sleep. This is an example of a conflict between the two selves. Although there are arguably two selves, they are actually both rooted in the physical. As a result, a chemical change in the body can result in a significant change in the mental/emotional self. Specifically, I will explore how the effects of alcohol consumption can significantly impact one's choices, how causing a physical change by choice can influence a person mentally. The experiment that I designed following the "Time to Think?" lab heightened my interest on how alcohol consumption effects the body and the brain. As I looked into research about alcohol consumption I visited the websites for the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the American Medical Association under the assumption that they would provide a significant amount of research regarding the biological effects of alcohol consumption. I actually found a much larger concentration of material covering the dangerous and/or self-destructive actions taken when under the influence of alcohol, specifically as a result of binge drinking. Still, I will begin my discussing the basic biology of what takes place as a result of alcohol consumption. So, what's happening to one's brain as an individual consumes more and more alcohol? If one drinks two drinks in one hour or one reaches a blood alcohol level of .02 - .06% the association area of the cerebrum is progressively affected. This impairs one's ability to reason as well his/her judgement. Symptoms include dizziness, less inhibited behavior, overestimation of skills, and slower reaction time. After consuming two to three drinks in one hour or one reaches a blood alcohol level of .6 - .10% most of the cerebrum is progressively affected. The ability to reason, judgement, one's senses, merit, coordination, vision, and speech are all functions that are affected and/or impaired. Symptoms include slurring of speech, blurred vision, and loss of coordination. (1) It is evident that even after only two or three drinks the distinction between the physical self and the mental/emotional self has lessened. Although the mental/emotional self may be unaware of it, he/she does not have the control that he/she had prior to consuming alcohol. As one continues to drink the result is even more drastic. After four to five drinks in one hour or one reaches a blood alcohol level of .12 - .15% the entire cerebrum is progressively affected. In addition to functions previously mentioned as affected and/or impaired, hearing is also affected and/or impaired. Symptoms include double vision, drowsiness, loss of balance, and clumsiness. After eight to ten drinks in one hour or one reaches a blood alcohol level of .30 - .40% the limbic system is progressively affected. Respiration and heart rate are affected and/or impaired in addition to all of the other functions previously mentioned. As a result the individual will either go into a deep sleep or into a coma. (1) The Harvard School of Public Health completed a study that explored how alcohol consumption resulted in individuals making arguably bad choices. One of the samples was a group who had binge drank three or more times in the last two weeks. Binge drinking is defined as four or more drinks for women and five or more for men. (2) Of those sampled, 62.5% missed at least one class, 46.3% got behind in schoolwork, 62% did something they regretted, 54% forgot where they were or what they did, 42.6% argued with a friend, 41.5% engaged in unplanned sex, 20.4% did not use protection during sex, 22.7% damaged property, 12.7% got in trouble with the police, 26.6% got hurt or injured, .9% were medically treated for an alcohol overdose, 56.7% drove after drinking, and

Textual Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Textual Analysis - Essay Example Morten did not listen and Inger dies. Johannes comes back to bring back Inger to life. Johannes explains that Inger can be brought back to life but this depends on faith and prayer to God. He says that this can only happen if the family has faith and if they ask God to bring back Inger to life. He is saddened by the fact that all of them have little faith and do not believe that this can be done. Out of all the people, it is Inger’s daughter alone that expresses her faith and she does this by taking Johannes hand and tells him to raise her mother from the dead (Wahl, 2012, p. 32). The young girl’s faith puts the adults at an awkward position because one would expect adults to know God better than a little girl and understand how faith works. From this, we expect that adults should be the ones to express faith even if it is a little faith. However, no one among them even bothers to do that. This represents the difference between adults and children. This scene shows that knowing has a different link with faith and that matters of the heart and mind may sometimes be different. From the adults’ point of view, knowing too much could affect one’s ability or trust in faith. On the other hand, from the child’s perspective, knowing a little information coupled with hope and trust can help one to believe or at least have trust in faith. The little girl only had hope and wish that her mother would come back to life and her little knowledge about God made her believe that He could bring her back through Jesus Christ. This made her have trust in Johannes prayer to God through Jesus Christ that Inger’s life be brought back (Milne, 1971, p. 156). The ordet is not a film with a long plot. However, it is a turbulent and intense poem that has several motifs, which are harmonized by the resurrection of Inger. The scene has many pauses in between the words spoken. In addition, the speakers in the scene who are mainly Morten, Johannes and the young girl speak in few words. The pauses in the dialogue are full of movement and reactions. The characters in the scene hear each other in a manner that they never do in normal films that are always marked by lots of conversations words and arguments. Here, one character talks followed by a pause then either he or she continues or another character picks up but the pauses are present. The pauses mark the movements that occur in the scene. This pauses help to create the mood in the scene, which is a somber mood marked by tone of optimism and pessimism. This mood can only be achieved when the scene is slow and is marked by little and slow movements that are well captured by Carl Dreyer, the director of film. In the scene, there is a distinctive resonance of the voices of the characters in the room helps to reinforce the impression of the physical presence of the voices (Schrader, n.d.). The characters that are in the scene are haunted by the fact that they do not acknowledge som ething that cannot necessarily be reduced to God. The importance of this fact is realized in the slowness of the movements of the characters and the slow movement of the camera as it captures the movement in the scene (Wakeman, 1988, p. 271). The scene where Johannes comes back to bring back Inger to

This work is about Geopolitics of Energy subject so please look Essay

This work is about Geopolitics of Energy subject so please look assignment criteria for topic - Essay Example However, in 2008 the notions of the impeding scarcity had a reverse effect with the producers wanting to make a large profit before the reserveswere depleted. This saw the prices rise continually. At that rate the country would be spending many billions of dollars on importation of petroleum and natural gas. This would create a distress in the economy because of the increased trade deficit. It is true that Asia is the new ground zero for growth of energy consumption.it is also true that Asia will be responsible for 85% of the energy consumption growth on the planet in the next 20 years. This has seen Russia try to form ties with the east to establish a proper market for its hydrocarbon exports3. The obvious deduction from this would be that Russia would wield more geopolitical power in the next few decades, which is not likely to be the case4. The current technological advancements have enabled rapid expansion of the shale gas industry in the US. In a decade, the industry has grown dramatically with the product now in abundant supply,seeing drastic reduction in prices. The policy debate has snow shifted to how much of the nation’s energy resource should be exported. The strengthening of the US’ geopolitical strength due to the shift in paradigms of the global energy market has greatly hindered China’s attempt to be the global leader. The best way to counter this influence would be to weaken the alliances that the US has with states in the region. The result has been the heightening of maritime tensions in the region with the East China Sea conflict providing a good illustration5. Both China and japan lay claim to a number of geographical features found in the sea. The features that comprise of a few islands and territorial waters could provide energy reserves and fishing grounds6. However, this is not the only reason behind the conflict. The key issue is that the waters are important choke

Why do you want to work at tenet Hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why do you want to work at tenet Hospital - Essay Example I have always been a hardworking person and have the quality of working devotedly towards achieving a goal. Due to my attribute to work whole heartedly I was able to achieve a presidential distinction and became the member of Phi Theta Kappa which is the global respected society of universities and educational programs. The membership of this prestigious society provided me with opportunities for the growth and development of management, leadership and assistance, for a cerebral atmosphere for trading of thoughts, for active association for researchers and for motivation of attraction in carrying on with academic brilliance. To polish my skills I joined Jackson North Hospital which gave me the necessary experience required for this respected profession. The practicum in the Medical Surgery Department provided me with a well administered practical use of material studied in the past. I can speak in different languages and I believe that being fluent in these languages will help me to socialize and understand the problem of my patients more effectively. I have also worked as a Nursing assistant in the well known institution GRANNIE NANNIES which contributed in the learning of how to maintain hygiene, bath, dress transport, assist with feeding, and other things to provide a good level of nursing and treatment for the old, disabled grown-ups, or persons of every age with particular needs. Apart from that I have also provided my services in Boca Raton Community Hospital as a patient care assistant and monitor tech. I assisted with personal care, ambulation, distinguishing vital signs, Accu-chek and was respo nsible for tracking electrical impulses of patient’s heart. If given a chance to work as a nurse in Tenet Hospital, I believe I will leave no stone unturned to prove my worth. Because of my great collection of knowledge and exposure to different situations I am sure that I have the necessary stamina and

Losing weight Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Losing weight - Research Paper Example In order to change these complex behaviors, two of the psychologists named Prochaska and DiClemente have worked upon the Stages of Change Model. Through this five-step change model, we discover the changing of the habit in the context of losing weight. Five Stage Change Model The change model given by the psychologists consists of the five steps. They include: Pre-contemplation With regards to changing the habit of losing weight, precontemplation is the first stage which counts towards the initiation of the attempts of eliminating the habit of losing weight effectively. During this stage, the individual continues to receive responses and ideas from other people in their surroundings regarding the things that they are required to change in them. However, they start to give a negative reaction and a bad response towards all these indications by the people. This is because they are currently satisfied with their bad habit of losing weight and staying malnutrition since long. But, if in this stage they listen to others’ responses, this might prove to be useful and beneficial for them (Moser, online). Contemplation During the second stage of changing the habit of losing weight, the individuals are involved in a process of active thinking regarding giving up the idea of losing weight. In this phase, they need to alter their own and others’ ideas into the firmly held beliefs.

Organizational Behavior - Interpersonal skills and manegerial roles Term Paper

Organizational Behavior - Interpersonal skills and manegerial roles - Term Paper Example For transformational leadership to take place, leaders must elevate and broaden interests for their employees. It may also occur after acceptance and awareness of purpose and mission for the specific group has been generated. The leaders may also stir his or her employees and look beyond self interests to cater for the group. Mutual capacity and commitment help in leading greater productivity and additional efforts (Lawrence, 2010). The major components of transformational leadership include intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. All of these components play an important part in the work place which is ridden by problems such as employee dissatisfaction, poor performance and low morale. In this case, as the honorable committee is aware of the problems facing the organization. Therefore, it is recommendable that the manager should use his leadership style which can have beneficial impact on the workers by helping them to feel encouraged as they work (Hedrick, 2007). Transformational leadership allows the people in charge to challenge the status quo and allow subordinates to innovate new ideas. This style of leadership does not only identify the problem, but also provides the alternatives which are useful in solving the problem. This is summed under the intellectual stimulation component. This type of leadership is really necessary for an organization as employees express their discomfort with their current supervisor without fear. The major complaint against the supervisor may be that he is too rigid and not ready to change. In fact, such leaders do not like people innovating and even if their effort yielded good results, he wants them to go by the rules of the book. These leads to boredom and employees start to openly criticize the way their immediate supervisor is leading them. In order to

Short answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short answers - Essay Example An economist would advice a firm making accounting profits to close down because accounting profits is arrived at by subtracting only explicit costs from the total revenue. This rejects implicit costs hence inaccuracy of the profits (Aspers, 2011). (b) Why normal profit is the long run outcome for a firm under perfect competition When a firm is making economic profits, other firms will find the markets competitive hence mass entry into the market. This causes the supply curve to shift to the right, which results into a drop of the prices hence profits, are cancelled. The firm will in the end exhibit normal profits as an outcome under perfect competition (Aspers, 2011). (c) Characteristics of both monopolistic and monopoly competition, their advantages and disadvantages Characteristics of monopolistic competition are; there exist a large number of buyers and sellers, they exhibit price differentiation, free entry and exit of firms and high selling costs are incurred. Monopoly on the o ther hand exhibits characteristics such as the existence of only one firm in the market; they are price takers since they are the only producers. They have the advantage of controlling the whole market and therefore dictate the prices. The only disadvantage is that they are constrained by their own demand curves. Monopolistic case has several advantages; the most peculiar is that they are able to command a large market base. The market is disadvantaged in that stiff competition may threaten its operations in the market (Aspers, 2011). 4. (a) Graph of Fiscal policy and deflationary gap Deflationary gap happens when the actual output (Y) is below the natural output (Yn); this is as shown in the figure above. To correct the deflationary gap expansionary fiscal policy has to be used. The government does this through increasing government spending; alongside this, the government taxation has to be reduced. The result of employing the expansionary fiscal policy acts to shift the aggregate demand curve to coincide with the natural output and therefore real GDP is increased. Deflationary gap is caused when the investment spending goes down hence it is simply solved when the government increases it investment spending such as spending on infrastructure (Buti, 2003). (b) How fiscal and monetary used to address deflationary gap affects balance of payment Fiscal policy tools used to such as increased taxation will make the costs of local goods to be expensive. When the local goods become expensive balance shifts from favoring importation. When imports are more than exports, there is unfavorable balance of payment, which is harmful to the economy. In addition, monetary policies to correct deflationary gap is that aimed at increasing money supply, which leads to an increase in prices. Increase in prices causes local goods to be equally expensive leading to increased importation hence unfavorable balance of payment. Such negative impacts of balance of payment occur when the economy is at the helm of growth (Buti, 2003). 6. (a) Reasons for holding money There are three major reasons for holding money; transactionery motive, precautionary motive and speculative motive. For transactionery motive, money is held to undertake daily transactions mostly on basics. Money is also held to handle any future unfortunate occurrences anticipated in the future. Speculators are investors who anticipate that assets will be attractive in the near future hence hold money to take advantage of such (Dobeck, MF &

Mahatma Gandhi Worldview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mahatma Gandhi Worldview - Essay Example This paper, therefore, compares and contrasts Gandhi’s worldview about the nature of God, social issues and family with my own experience and worldview in the same. Gandhi became a role model to many people through his faith, in truth and justice, for all humankind. His faith, in religion, made him love those who opposed his ideals to bring about peace with non-violence (Damm, January 2011). His teachings on religion were transparent as most of it can be attested to those of the Bible despite his focusing on meekness and humility, which is rather a rare case for any society. Gandhi emphasize on making peace† an eye for an eye would cost us all our eyes† as he stated (Damm, January 2011), but through my worldview, I feel that conflict is brought about by self-interest, proving the point that there exist no ideal human society where everyone thinks and acts the same level for each other. According to Gandhi, people should take the responsibility to care about the poo r, and not refuse to take part, in oppressive practices, but also to fight domination whenever we see it (Damm, January 2011). Gandhi was a moral path of action since he believed in national independence, political and economic freedom of individuals and self-rule. Gandhi tries to explain the nature of God, in the human soul or life, and how God and man relate to explain the nature of God and family experiences. For instance, he believes that human suffering can be explained through assessing their relationships with God. He also believed that one should serve humanity, especially the poor and the downtrodden (Jahanbegloo, 1996). In this context, I agree with Gandhi that we should always care about the poor, in the society, just as nurses do. As an atheist, I strongly believe that humankind do not have any relationship with God. Therefore, it is every person’s duty to take care of one another, including the poor, without perceiving that their suffering is linked to some super natural being. Gandhi also shows how God should be intellectualized and linked with one dense theory of man. It is the basic contention of the present research endeavor that Gandhi’s greatest political ideas were like echo, and their reflections were simple and characterized by western positioning, which fail to some extent to escalate the true essence of Gandhi’s political ideas (Jahanbegloo, 1996). His ideas are firmly rooted, in the traditions, but are so modern in the spirit. According to my perception, Gandhi is not a meager theorist, but he an applied experimentalist, who tried to apply his ideas in the political arena. I also feel that those regarding Gandhi as their role models are those people who strongly believe in some supernatural power. This is because Gandhi’s greatness lies not only in his saintly and holy living, but also in his epic brawls and actions (Jahanbegloo, 1996). The success of every step of his struggle was attributed to God. In most cases, politicians and atheists, like I, are not generally reputed to take religion and God seriously, for the values, to which they are committed such as the political control of one individual or another, the economic exploitation and economic liberty of the poorer and weaker human being. These values are clearly incompatible with the value of religion that the latter could not be taken too seriously or

The Fall of the House of Usher; More then Meets the Eye Essay Example for Free

The Fall of the House of Usher; More then Meets the Eye Essay The Fall of the House of Usher written by Edgar Allen Poe was written in 1839, as the age of enlightenment and reason were on the rise. It is a horror gothic story, with an atmosphere of evil, as well as a sublime that overwhelmed the reader with fear. The Fall of the House of Usher is not only a dark romantic, written with a great deal attention to imagery, enhancing the parallelism and symbolism that arises as a correlation between the house the Ushers live and the family itself. When first beginning the story, the dark and gloomy imagery is interring, leaving the reader with a desire to continue reading. However, it soon becomes apparent that special attention is casted on the condition the house is in: â€Å"Minute fungi overspread the whole exterior, hanging in a fine tangled web work for the eaves†¦ there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between its still perfect adaptation of pars, and the crumbling condition of individual stones†¦the fabric gave little token of instability†¦ eye of a scrutinizing observer might have discovered a barley perceptible fissure, which, extending from the roof of the building in front, made its way down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in the sullen waters of the tarn.† (Poe, 25) The house its self could be drafted as a character, as a great deal of attention description was put into it. However the house its self is not the only dynamic that Poe focused on when writing, The Usher Family was drafted to be complex as well. Madeline Usher was defined by her illness: â€Å"the disease of the lady Madeline had long baffled the skill of her physicians. A settled apathy, a gradual wasting away of the person, and frequent although transient affections of partially cataleptically character, were the unusual diagnosis. (Poe, 28) It was Roderick Usher however that was the most dynamic. Once a healthy man, is now a â€Å"mere exaggeration of the prevailing character of these features, and of the expression they were wont to convey, lay so much change that I doubted to whom I spoke.†(Poe, 26) His deterioration resembles that of the house, having once been a flourishing mansion, with upkeep. It is now simply falling to the ground day by day- much like Roderick him self. Upon reading The Fall of the House of Usher it becomes clear that the â€Å"House of Usher† does not only signify the house the family resides in but also the family line, as their will be no one to carry on the family name, when they pass, thusly the â€Å"house† will disappear all together. Both the internal state of the family and the external state of the house are paralleled in The Fall of the House of Usher. Poe made a significant correlation between â€Å"the crumbling condition of individual stones† (Poe, 25) and Madeline’s deteriorating condition. Instability within the household is also defiantly visible, as it is clear that both Roderick and Madeline experience insanity in different ways, this instability is once again paralleled by the fabric mentioned in the description of the house. Roderick’s insanity was mentioned as: the manner of my friend I was struck with an incoherence an inconsistencyhabitual trepidancy, and excessive nervous agitationHis action was alternately vivacious and sullen. His voice varied rapidly from a tremulous indecisionto thatof the lost drunkard, or the irreclaimable eater of opium (Poe, 26) Nevertheless, it was the barley visible fissure that Poe mentions that seems to be a symbol for the family the most, it was not until the final pages that it becomes clear that the House of Usher is more then just the house itself and the fissure becomes a symbol for the family falling apart. Upon being buried, Madeline rises from the cellar and her presence upon weeks of being in the cellar, results in the death of her brother. However the narrator notes that while looking back that the house â€Å"fissure rapidly widened†¦ my brain reeled as I saw the mighty walls rushing asunder†¦ the deep and dank tarn as my feet closed sullenly and silently over the fragments of the â€Å"House of Usher.† (Poe, 36) The symbolism between the house collapsing as well as the deterioration of the family dynamic is crucial to the understanding that the house and the family are one. Adding to the short story a great deal of depth, making it much more then just another short story with a great sublime and gothic feel. This technique may slip through many readers attention, however if an analysis and a further in-depth reading is done, the story gains dynamic and meaning. Leaving the reader with more then met the eye. Work Cited Page Stott, Jon C. and Raymond E.Jone. The Harbrace Anthology of Short Fiction. Tronto, Ontario: Nelson Education Ltd. 2012. Print. Text used: Edgar Allen Poe. The Fall of the House of Usher. Pages 23-26.

Abercrombie & Fitch Essay Example for Free

Abercrombie Fitch Essay Think about high school and all the students that fill up its student body. When thinking of the students, do stereotypes and cliches come to mind? As teens form close relationships with others, they struggle to understand who they are and where they fit in; they start to form their own identity in relation to others. High school is a critical time of social development which forms these cliches. Social styles differ- some teens want to join groups, others prefer not to interact in extra curriculum activities after or during school, and then there are students that are just socially awkward. For example, some students prefer to play sports which lead them to hang out with all the athletes. Some students despise sports and so they form their own groups like the nerds or bums. Within each different cliche, there is a distinct style in their clothing. These stereotyped cliches are often classified by their clothing style which creates the groups like â€Å"preps†, â€Å"jocks†, and â€Å"nerds. † The word prep was originally used for rich students who went to expensive private schools that were well known to students from public schools. See more: Basic Economic problem of Scarcity Essay These students weren’t always snobs, and they normally did much more sophisticated things then an average middle class student. For example, instead of playing football, they played a game of polo, and shopped in Grunkemeyer2 stores like Coco Chanel, Dolce and Gabana, Christian Dior, and Gucci. They dressed on the formal end with exceptions of wearing plaid shorts, or canvas pants on casual occasions. In today’s society, we have the public school â€Å"snobby preps†. Snobby preps are the people that everybody loves, but hates at the same time. The prep is the boy or girl that is concerned with the way they look. They can usually see themselves on the cover of a Ralph Lauren catalogue or modeling for Abercrombie and Fitch because of their great looks and style. The prep usually dresses nice everyday to school and swears to the bible to never wear sweatpants to school or wear the same outfit more than twice. The prep would never want to be caught at Goodwill, The Dollar Store, or Wal-Mart shopping for clothes. Brands like Polo, Tommy Hilfiger, Hollister, Abercrombie, and Coach are the stores they prefer to shop at and whenever they need money, they just ask their daddy. Their personality is usually outgoing and they are very involved in activities. The popularity of themselves may be the product of their happiness. There would be no one for the prep to date if we didn’t have the jocks. There would be no school spirit if we didn’t have the jock guys and gals. Jocks tend to be those star athletes that have the confidence that relies on cockiness. Oh wait, it is cockiness. As a jock, they must have a high self-esteem that gives them the right to be popular. Being a jock isn’t as easy as it sounds; you have to love the sport you play, and enjoy the pressure of being so good. After all, the entire school is counting on them to win and get that winning title. Jocks feel lucky for who they are because they get many perks for being an athlete. First, they can come to school every day wearing Nike, Under Armour, or Michael Jordan clothes looking like a bum and not be judged on their looks. The girls can go without doing their hair and wear it in a messy bun and the boys can go without matching cloths and no one will say a thing to the athlete. Of course, you can’t Grunkemeyer3 forget the free spirit apparel that gets given to them so they can have a new pair of sweatpants and t-shirt for everyday of the week. Second; if they are good enough, their grades won’t matter because they’ll be going to college on an athletic scholarship. Don’t be ashamed, the jock physically earned their way there! Unlike a jock, where everybody praises them, literally everyone: the team, coaches, teachers, students, family, and the community. Then there are people like the nerds who get picked on because people look down on them. The nerds are very shy, wear unflattering clothes, and have a congestion problem, so what? They have the brains. Who cares what everyone else thinks, they still have friends and way more success for their future. The nerds might blame it on the thick crooked lensed glasses or high water jeans because they cannot get â€Å"Ms/Mr. Perfect† to date them. However, it’s the Harry Potter, Star Wars, and science fiction shirts that no one understands and stops them from getting a date. It could also be their whitie tighties or grandma underwear that is still hanging out from the wedgie they got after gym class. Nerds are very insecure when it comes to fashion. Unfortunately, they will not go outside their box when it comes to clothing, but they will go out of the box when it comes to math or science. Since they can’t score â€Å"Ms/Mr. Perfect† they established a great group of friends that they can do math problems with on the weekends. No moment is ever dull in a nerd’s life. Fashion can tell a lot about a person. What kind of clothes someone wears can allow people to label them and make stereotypes. Stereotypes will classify you in to a cliche, which is what everyone has to deal with even outside of high school. The most common cliches are the preps and the snobs. They dress to impress by wearing the best of best name brands and wear Grunkemeyer4 them every day as they walk down the hall judging other’s outfits. Next are the jocks, of course, people can tell they are jocks because they are wearing their free Nike sweat suit with the team logo as they walk down the hall way with confidence. Lastly, the nerds are wearing their science fiction t-shirts that people are reading and thinking â€Å"People really wear those? † as they walk down the hall way. Think about your style, what cliche do you think you are in?

Cultural Barriers in International Marketing

Cultural Barriers in International Marketing The research area of this proposal is focused on the broad area of international marketing. More specifically, the focal point of the research will be the sociocultural environment and how this has an impact on a multinational company whose ambition is to enter a new market (Hollensen, 2007). As indicated by Doole and Lowe (2008), the sociocultural factor affects the consumer and buyer behaviour, making the development of international marketing strategies inevitable. In addition, this researchs centre of attention will be the elements of culture which is a popular method of discovering cultures (Albaum Duerr, 2008). Furthermore, the layers of culture will be presented from two different perspectives as well as the relation of culture with consumer behaviour. Finally, an attempt to examine the Japanese culture will be made by reviewing the high- and low-context concept (Hall, 1960 cited in Nguyen et al., 2007: 207), and some additional models introduced by key authors. 3.3 Background Primarily, understanding ones culture before entering his market has a dual aspect. On one hand, the effectiveness of the established marketing strategies and its implementation by locals could be verified (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2007), and on the other hand you familiarise with your own culture (Yamada, 1997: xvi). Furthermore, Japan is one of the most culturally homogenous countries in the world (Engel Murakami, 2001: 21), citizens of which consider their heritage valuable and indispensable (Keillor Hult, 1999). Consequently, this creates trade barriers for the multinational companies (Albaum Duerr, 2008) whose intention is to enter the Japanese market. These barriers can be eliminated by understanding the Japanese values and expectations (Engel Murakami, 2001: 20). Moreover, the ability of overcoming these barriers and cultivate relations with the target market is the fundamental stepping stone for an effective marketing strategy (Ford, 1984 cited in Lohtia et al., 2009). In order to achieve that, companies should be culturally sensitive, in other words they should acknowledge the dissimilarities between domestic and international markets and handle them effectively (Holzmuller Stottinger, 2001; LaBahn Harich, 1997; Rice ODonohue, 2002 cited in Lohtia et al., 2009: 241). However, it is difficult to achieve cultural sensitivity to Japan (Hall, 1987 cited in Lohtia et al., 2009:242), and companies that will achieve it will gain the appreciation of the Japanese consumers (Lohtia et al., 2009). 3.4 Conclusion Initially, Craig and Douglas (2006: 338) confirm that due to globalisation and the rapid change of cultures, a deeper understanding of culture is necessary. Moreover, Steenkamp (2001: 41) verifies that culture is a complex phenomenon and that many dimensions are required to be developed, so that marketers can distinguish effectively one culture from another, and thus establish the appropriate marketing strategy. In the dissertation, the researcher will try to uncover as many dimensions that capture culture as possible, focusing on the Japanese culture, hence identifying the cultural barriers. Japan was chosen as it is a high context country (Hall, 1987 cited in Lohtia et al., 2009), and subsequently the higher the context of a culture, the more effort will be needed from a company to adjust its strategy to that culture (Hollensen, 2007: 221). Literature Review 4.1 Introduction The aim of this literature review is to present definitions of international marketing that are related with Japans sociocultural environment. Additionally, a synthesis of the existing literature was conducted in order to provide a thorough description of the elements and the layers of culture, the available models that examine cultures and their implications for consumer behaviour. Moreover, the data collection was achieved by using the universitys library and ebrary database. The keywords international marketing resulted in 543 and 18.719 hits of secondary data respectively, and lastly 9 books were used. Finally, the e-library was used to obtain academic journals in order to inject scientific ideas in the research. The search engine showed 66798 results of which only 240 were available. Eventually, 10 articles were selected to be used, mainly coming from Emeralds and ScienceDirects databases. 4.2 Definitions and concepts To start with, before attempting to define culture, international marketing should be introduced. There seems to be a consensus regarding the definition of international marketing. More specifically, Doole and Lowe (2008: 6) as well as Ghauri and Cateora (2005: 8) defined it as the procedure that a companys goods and services are targeted in customers of more than one country, which seeks the maximisation of its profit. Additionally, Ghauri and Cateora (2005: 8) raised the difference between international and domestic marketing, where the latter focuses only in one nation. Furthermore, Doole and Lowe (2008: 7), and Hooley et al. (2008: 61) used the SLEPT model to identify the environmental impacts on international marketing. These are: Social/Cultural, Legal, Economic, Political and finally Technological. This proposal will focus only on the Sociocultural influences. Moreover, 160 definitions for culture have been recorded (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2007), proving the significance of the role that culture plays in marketers strategy (Ghauri Cateora, 2005). Firstly, the etic approach of culture, which focuses on the contrast between two cultures (Luna Gupta, 2001: 46) was identified by Hofstede (1997) as the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another (Hollensen, 2007: 216; Luna Gupta, 2001: 46). In contrast, the emic approach of culture was proposed by McCracken (1988: 73) cited in Luna and Gupta (2001: 46). He defined culture as the lens through which all phenomena are seen. It determines how these phenomena are apprehended and assimilated. Second, culture is the blueprint of human activity. It determines the coordinates of social action and productive activity, specifying the behaviours and objects that issue from both. The objective of the emic approach is to achieve a thorough comprehension of the study of culture (Luna Gupta, 2001). 4.3 The elements of culture Primarily, culture was divided into different elements to direct marketers to a deeper examination of the cultural differences between international markets (Ghauri Cateora 2005: 82). More detailed, Ghauri and Cateora (2005: 83) identified six elements of culture: Material culture, Social institutions, Aesthetics, Belief system, Education and Language. Furthermore, Albaum and Duerr (2008: 122), and Doole and Lowe (2008: 74) added Technology with Material culture, as well as Law and Politics, with the former omitting Aesthetics. Hollensen (2007: 225) included Technology to Material culture, added Manners and customs, and omitted Law and Politics. Finally, Czinkota and Ronkainen (2007:57) added Manners and Customs, and omitted Law and Politics. It is worth mentioning that all the elements will be examined thoroughly in the dissertation from the perspective of Japan. 4.4 The layers of culture The layers of culture can be a great opportunity for multinational companies to familiarise themselves with the behaviour (Hollensen, 2007), attitudes and values (Doole and Lowe, 2008) of people with different cultural backgrounds they hire (Hollensen, 2007). On one hand, Hollensen (2007: 219) indicates four layers of culture: national culture, business/ industry culture, company culture and finally individual behaviour, with each layer affecting the next one. On the other hand, a different approach was presented by Doole and Lowe (2008: 73). They portrayed the layers of culture in a national, a regional/ ethnic/ religious/ linguistic, a gender, a generation and finally a social class level. In a nutshell, companies should familiarise themselves with the characteristics of the Japanese employees, as they hardly ever quit their jobs and they are astoundingly bonded with them so as to receive a flourishing career (Engel Murakami, 2001: 29). 4.5 Culture and consumer behaviour Consumer behaviour regarding a product or a message is affected by different components of culture (Doole Lowe, 2008). Jeannet and Hennessey (2004) cited in Doole and Lowe (2008: 80) presented the procedure that consumer behaviour is affected by culture. In contrast, Hofstede (1997) cited in Luna and Gupta (2001, 47) argues that consumer behaviour is influenced by four manifestations which are: values, heroes, symbols, and rituals. Moreover, Craig and Douglas (2006) stated that customs and rituals play a significant role for Japan, in maintaining well-balanced relations among its citizens. However, Usunier (1996) cited in Holden (2004: 567), partly agrees with Hofstedes view, since he believes that consumer behaviour, which consists of consumers values, attitudes and decision making, is affected by cultural dissimilarities. Lastly, Doole and Lowe (2008: 80) identified four ideas that marketers should reflect on when using Western ideas to comprehend the foreign consumer behaviour. 4.6 Cultural analysis 4.6.1 High- and low-context cultures The model of high- and low-context cultures was defined by Edward T. Hall (1960a) as a way of understanding different cultural orientation (Hollensen, 2007: 220). As indicated by Hall (1976) cited in Nguyen et al. (2007: 207), in low-context cultures the message itself is of great importance. On the other hand, in high-context cultures, people tend to elaborate on the message to gain a deeper understanding of it (Hollensen, 2007: 220; Doole Lowe, 2008: 86). As argued by Hollensen (2007), the Japanese have the highest context culture, while the Swiss have the lowest. 4.6.2 Hofstedes model To begin with, Hofstedes dimensions should be taken into consideration when marketers construct their marketing strategy (Hollensen, 2007: 228). Ghauri and Cateora (2005), as well as Hollensen (2007) mention four dimensions of culture; distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism and masculinity, while Hofstede adds long-term orientation (Hofstede, 2009). The importance of these results is due to cultural dimensions illustrating the traits of a country (Rivera-Vazquez et al., 2009). Consequently, the results for Japan are intended to be used for the dissertation. Lastly, strengths and weaknesses of this model were introduced by Hollensen (2007: 229). 4.6.3 Schwartzs model An alternative framework was created by Schwartz (1994) cited in Steenkamp (2001). He mentions three dimensions through which he will provide answers to his societal topics: conservatism versus autonomy, hierarchy versus egalitarianism and labelled mastery or labelled harmony (Steenkamp, 2001: 32). 4.6.4 Alternative models Primarily, Keegan (2004: 14) supports that the focus on marketing changes and that concepts need updating regularly. Based on this idea, Holden (2004: 570) disapproves the reliance on Hofstedes model, while suggesting an approach to culture from a different perspective. Finally, an alternative model for approaching Asian cultures was introduced by Fang (1999), cited in Fletcher and Flang (2006: 438). 4.7 Conclusion Primarily, although there is a large amount of literature concerning international marketing and culture, there seems to be some disagreements between authors, as well as some omissions by others. For instance, Hollensen (2007) supports that it is inevitable to examine cultures without referring to Hofstedes cultural dimensions. On the other hand, Holden (2004) criticises the validity of Hofstedes model. As a result, the researcher will try to compare and contrast the models that have been developed for gaining knowledge of the differences amongst cultures. Methodology 5.1 Introduction The approach that was developed in order to accomplish the objectives was based on desk research. More specifically, the researcher utilised existing written material such as books, e-books, and some scientific journals (Gummesson, 2000: 35). Finally, the World Wide Web (Internet) will be used to obtain the empirical results regarding the cultural dimensions of Japan suggested by the key author Hofstede. The qualitative research method is going to be used. Primarily, the researcher uses secondary analysis which is a qualitative method (Bryman Bell, 2007: 326). Secondly the thesis of other writers will be introduced, instead of the researchers own opinion (Bryman Bell, 2007: 425). Additionally, of great importance should be the fact that the use of mixed methods -both qualitative and quantitative- was avoided because these methods are two different paradigms (Bryman Bell, 2007: 642). Finally, concerning the relationship between theory and research (Bryman Bell, 2007: 11), the inductive theory (Bryman Bell, 2007) was used. Although Fisher (2007: 322) argues that a combination of inductive and deductive method can be employed, only the inductive method was used for this proposal. This can be justified by the fact that the researcher moves from observations, which is the aim of the proposal, to the general which is the theory (Bryman Bell, 2007: 14). 5.2 Desk Research To start with, the only method that was used in order to obtain data for this proposal was desk research. Although Gummesson (2000: 34) argues that knowledge coming from secondary sources is limited, Bryman and Bell (2007: 328) believe that secondary analysis provides the researcher with high quality data. Additionally, it is more cost-effective in a way that secondary data are easier to interpret than primary (Bryman Bell, 2007: 333). Moreover, part of the secondary data collected came from scientific journals. The researcher focused on journals that were related to culture and cultural barriers. The journals that were used came from: The International Marketing Review The Journal of Product Brand Management The European Journal of Marketing The International Business Review The Journal of Knowledge Management Finally, text books were used in an attempt to achieve a deeper understanding of the theory related to international marketing and culture. Some of those used are: International Marketing Strategy by Isobel Doole and Robin Lowe International Marketing by Ghauri and Cateora Global Marketing by Svend Hollensen Passport to Japan by Engel and Murakami 5.3 Alternative Methods Ideally, the researcher could have used alternative methods to complement the validity of material found (Gummesson, 2000: 35). These methods could be: case studies, questionnaires and qualitative interviews (Gummesson, 2000: 35). Primarily, the researcher could have used existing case studies in this proposal to support the data found from existing theory (Bryman Bell, 2007). Unfortunately, word limit prevented him from including material found, as more theoretical findings were included to help readers gain basic knowledge on international marketing and culture. However, it is unquestionably that in the dissertation the researcher will use existing case studies. Finally, the researcher could conduct a case study by approaching a multinational company which maintains its operations in Japan. More specifically, the use of questionnaires or qualitative interviews would have helped the researcher gain an insider perspective (Bryman Bell, 2007: 443) of the marketing strategy that a company deploys in Japan. Unfortunately, the difficulty of approaching a company and accessing its confidential data prevented the researcher from implementing it. However, it is worth mentioning that the researcher has not had the chance to meet his supervisor. Consequently, the research methods could possibly change with the intention of writing a high-quality masters dissertation. Ethical issues There are no ethical issues concerning this proposal since only desk research was conducted. To be more specific, there was no distortion of data and every secondary source has been acknowledged by in-text references and a reference list, adhering to the rules of Aston Business School on plagiarism. Last but not least, copyrights of published books, articles and journals were respected. Task List Tasks Problems Solutions Search and obtain existing literature on theory and concepts of culture in books and e-books Limited searching skills, due to restricted previous experience Received advice from professors as well as from library staff on effective research techniques Search and obtain existing literature from scientific journals Not all journal articles are available in full text in the Aston e-library and many of those available were not completely relevant to the topic of the proposal Methodical and detailed research for alternative articles Select the most relevant articles Time consuming Skim and scan the articles found Obtain text books from the Aston library that are related to differences across different cultures Not all books are available in the Aston library Obtained e-books from ebrary of Aston University Obtain results from empirical studies regarding the culture of Japan Not all data is available in text books Access World Wide Web (Internet) to obtain the information needed Write the assignment Limited previous experience Guidance on the structure of the assignment via lecture notes and slides Conduct an effective literature review Limited previous experience Guidance provided through lecture notes and slides Combine information provided from different books, producing a uniform text Large amount of information from secondary data sources available Skim and scan all secondary data sources to combine all information provided and highlight any omissions observed in the literature Use case studies of different multinational companies that examine similar problems Word limit Not covered by the proposal but will be covered in the dissertation Proof-read and edit the assignment before submission Possible mistakes or omissions Thorough reading and correction of mistakes

Hamlet: Contrast Plays A Major Role :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

Hamlet: Contrast Plays A Major Role In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, contrast plays a major role. Characters have foils, scenes and ideas contrast each other, sometimes within the same soliloquy. One such contrast occurs in Act Five, Scene One, in the graveyard. Here, the relatively light mood in the first half is offset by the grave and somber mood in the second half. The scene opens with two "clowns", who function as a sort of comic relief. This is necessary, after the tension of Ophelia's breakdown (and subsequent death), and after the ever-increasing complexities of the plot. Previously, Polonious provided some humour, but since he is dead, a new source must be found - the gravediggers. Their banter becomes the calm before the storm of the duel, and the play's resolution. There is also a juxtaposition of the clowns and the graveyard here, which further intensifies the effect. The clowns chatter about their work in a carefree manner, even going so far as to play with a riddle ( " What is he that builds stronger ... carpenter" V,1,41-42). Shakespeare even went so far as to include his puns in this grave scene (V,1,120). Hamlet himself experiences a temporary lightening of mood from listening to the gravediggers' conversation. Their carefree treatment of death singing while digging graves, not to mention tossing skulls in the air) is a parallel to Hamlet's newfound attitude. After having committed himself to his cause in Act IV, he is no longer bothered by the paradox of good and evil, and (seemingly) is untroubled by his previous misgivings. Hamlet's musings on the equality of all men in death serve as a transition into the darker second half of the scene. His contemplations on death reflect Act IV, Scene 3, when Hamlet gives voice to a humorous notion concerning " how a king may progress through the guts of a beggar " (IV,3,27-28). Hamlet expands on this idea with his thoughts on how even Alexander the Great or " Imperious Caesar " may descend to such base uses as stopping a beer barrel, or stopping " a hole to keep the wind away " (V,1,207) The entrance of Ophelia's funeral procession marks the beginning of the second half, which balances the humor of the previous portion. The graveyard now takes on its more traditional role, as a place of grief, rather than a place of drollery. Laertes's words, understandably, contain references to Hell, and also hold no particular benevolence for Hamlet. The tension of the scene is further heightened by the confrontation which

Macbeth :: essays research papers

The notion of Macbeth being a good and noble man is indeed a matter in which great uncertainty arises; as is the notion that Macbeth was bought down by ‘his evil wife’. In Macbeth, one of Shakespeare’s’ most famous tragedies, I am uncertain of the character of Macbeth, as throughout the text, happenings which both support and put down the good character of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are apparent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the beginning of the play, Macbeth seems to be true to the statement that he is a good and noble gentlemen, due to his brave acts in the war fought for his country. We hear Macbeth being referred to as “‘O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman’(Act 1, Scene 2, Line 24) by King Duncan, who is considered noble and honest by all around him. In a retold story form of the play, the statement is made ; “It seemed that Scotland’s fate, the people’s lives, his own, were cradled in the vast courage of this warrior’s breast'; represents the picture painted of Macbeth early in the piece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fact that Macbeth was chosen as Thane of Cowdor is another representation of the confidence that the king and the people of the time had in Macbeth’s character. When King Duncan announced Macbeth’s rise to Thane, he referred to him as “noble Macbeth';(Line 69)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first flaw we see in the character of Macbeth and the first signs of the evil power Lady Macbeth has over her husband, come late in the first act. In this part of the story (Act 1, Scene 5) Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are discussing the murder of King Duncan planned for that night. We hear of Macbeth’s uncertainty of committing the crime, however lady Macbeth taunts him until she convinces him to commit the murder. This shows the mental weakness in Macbeth’s character.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The famous quote in Act 1 Scene 5 Line 42, where Lady Macbeth calls on the spirits to “fill me from crown to toe top-full of direst cruelty!'; shows the definite malevolent and evil characteristics Lady Macbeth possesses. As it was Lady Macbeth’s idea to Kill King Duncan, we establish at this point in the story that Lady Macbeth undoubtedly has an evil control over her husband ; Macbeth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the first murder, we see the extreme unease Macbeth has about the crime which he is about to commit. Macbeth hallucinates (sees a vision) of the murder weapon before his eyes.

Evolution and Creation Essay -- essays research papers

Evolution vs. Creation How was the earth created? There are several different answers to this question. One is from a religious viewpoint and stems from the Bible. Another comes from the world of science and is based on evidence that has surfaced over the last century. The theory of evolution comes into direct conflict with another theory that has been around for thousands of years, the theory of creation. The theory of evolution claims that humans have evolved over thousands of years from apes. The creation theory discredits evolution and claims that God created man. As the teaching of the theory of evolution has been accepted into most public schools, a new controversy has arisen about whether or not the theory of creation should also be taught in public schools. The theory of evolution was first presented in 1859 by Charles Darwin and has influenced history as an alternative to the theory of creation. Evolution is simply change; it is a process that results in genetic changes in a population spread over many generations. The theory of evolution suggests that all the species that have ever existed descended from a single ancestor from the past. This theory claims that humans, through gradual continuous changes, have evolved from the ape family. These gradual continuous changes arose from the need for species to better adapt to their environment. Since mutation is a random process, the changes can either be beneficial, unfavorable, or have no use at all. This theory is largely supported by the findings of paleontology, anthropology, and genetics and involves the process of natural selection. Fossil records have been used as empirical evidence to support the theory and have concluded that Homo sapiens share â€Å"clear anatomical, genetic, and historical relationships to other primates.† This trend of evolution is never ending and continues to occur in all life forms. The theory of creation is based on the first eleven chapters in the Bible, and is by some considered to be part of world history. This theory supports the notation that the world was created in six days and that Adam and Eve were the first humans. The theory states that the world is young, only ten thousand years old. The Bible states that man is made in the image of God, therefore God created mankind. Creationists use this to further justify that God created man, not apes. It also claims that all... ...ce will always be questioned and doubted regardless of the empirical evidence that supports it. Mounting empirical evidence has proven through scientific means that evolution is no longer a theory, yet those who are eternal supporters of the theory of creation continue to attempt to discredit the theory of evolution. The theory of evolution is an acceptable subject to be taught in public schools because it is a subject that is based on scientific discoveries, making it appropriate for science classes. The theory of creation is based on religion and religion is a subject that should not be taught in public school, but one that is the responsibilities of the parents. Because of the diversities of religion in our country, soley Christian values and theories should not be taught to children in the classroom settings. Resources Bergman, Jerry. Teaching Creation and Evolution in Public Schools. Creation Ex Nihileo Technical Journal, 1999, Vol. 13, Issue 2. Bronson, Michael. 7-Day Creation: Figurative or Literal. Understanding God and his Universe, Section 11, 2001. Jackson, Wayne. The Influence of Evolution Upon Religion. Reason and Revelation, Augusta 1995, Vol.15, Issue 8: 60-61.

Michael Cunningham Essay

Michael was the most ambitious of blokes. He stole the Wright Brothers’ ‘plane. He then flew all the way to Pluto, on one tank of fuel, to find one of his best mates eating the small planet. So he carried on to the end of the Milky Way and on to the next, Chocolate Log. The returned twenty years later saying that he had discovered another species of complex organisms and â€Å"humans† in the next galaxy. Michael Cunningham was born on the 14th of October in 1987 in the city of Birmingham. At the age of three he acquired a younger brother named Dean. In 1991 Michael started attending Harborne Primary School, then at the age of eleven he left Harborne Primary to start in Shenley Court Specialist Arts College and Sixth Form Centre. At the end of year eleven, aged sixteen, he left his secondary school with 10A* GCSE grades, and started training in the ATC in 2005. After two years he completed his training and startye4d full time work as an electrician for the Royal Air Force. Towards the end of October 2007, he was transferred to Duxford airbase to work as the Chief Electrician. At this time he was nineteen and Britain’s youngest Chief Electrician. Then towards the end of 2009 he received a letter telling him that Kelly, once the love of his life, had been killed in a car crash. After attending her funeral Michael stole the world famous Wright brothers’ ‘plane and that was the last the world saw of him for twenty years. Michael reappeared in 2029, aged 41, with claims that he had seen one of his best mates, David Smith, eating Pluto during 2019. Then during a press conference he also claimed that he had found another three planets on his â€Å"adventure† that were inhabited with beings more intelligent than us. â€Å"There is more life in this universe, more than you could ever imagine. † He later went on to say, â€Å"It is unbelievable how intelligent they are, and I mean when compared to them we know nothing. † Scientists later confirmed that Pluto had disappeared and we received a few visits from the intelligent beings Michael had found. Michael, at the age of forty-six, started studying some of the species he had discovered, he discovered that they were approximately five million years more advanced than us. Also that they were born with intelligence and ability to communicate, walk and work. At the age of seventy-three he retired to a semi-detached bungalow in Skegness after his wife, Jenny, had passed away. About six months after moving a killer ninja penguin attacked him. Another of his mates, Tom Bates, saved him moments before he was eaten. Approximately five minutes later Michael suffered a heart attack; after an examination it was determined that the heart attack was caused by the shock of the attack by the penguin. Looking at his personal life he had had a few girlfriends throughout his secondary school life, although only a couple had been serious, and from when he had joined the ATC until he had returned from his â€Å"adventure† he hadn’t had much of a social life. Then at the age of forty-three he started dating an old school friend, Kate, but this didn’t last for more six months. Then he became engaged to Jenny Wattrus in July of 2035 and married in November that year. They had seven children, five girls and two boys, and moved to London where they bought a large house and lived there until their children had moved out, at which point the two of them moved down to Devon and into a smaller house so that they didn’t feel so lonely. Show preview only

Comprehensive Proposal for the Development of an Early Childhood Education Program

Comprehensive proposal for the festering of an other(a) nipperhood education curriculumme Do you realize how beta the kickoff few years of your kidskins sp proper(a)liness ar? We at beacon instruction academy understand how important these years be. The early years argon when the foundation for your youngsters life is being implemented. That is why at beacon light study Academy we offer computer computer broadcastmemes from maturates 6 weeks d unity 12 years gray-headed. Our starting time Cargon program go infants from 6 weeks with 24 months. This program is k directing to determine up sure that each chelas physical and developmental need argon met.Daily schedules atomic name 18 ad neargond to stomach each youngsters quiescence and eating patterns. At the catch quantify, toddlers atomic number 18 introduced to assorted concepts and skills that pass on help them as they prep be to coin to the close program. Our Pre give instruction program get alongs sisterren from the age of 2 finished 5 years of age. Each age meeting go out be divided into school modes. formerly the s chooser is 4 years of age (by September 1st), he/she give see our affirmd free reinded Pre-K program. Each class result office a theme ground curriculum in cardinaltional to introduce concepts and skills base on each squirts age and development.Daily schedules exit be designed with a balance of instructor-directed and claw-directed dallyivities. radio beacon schooling Academy understands that we serve a biotic community that fly the coops various and long hours. We fain all(a)ow for before and after enlighten c ar for families that require economic financial aidance. During the after groom program we rear various activities and projects to parent life skills as healthy as, an constituted time for children to do pos devilrk and tutoring is in addition available if your child needs help.Transportation military go ar e available to and from local principal(a) schools. pharos culture Academy hopes to make getting to and from work less gruelling for functional parents by providing the operating hours of 530 am to 630 pm. Being that we situated out to service our community, the vision of Lightho enjoyment Learning Academy is to make it possible for all children, youth, and families to pee their potential in a expert, nurturing, and low-cost purlieu.Our mission at Lighthouse Learning Academy is to afford children with the premier flavour early care and education, to serve as an accommodating system and source for families, strengthen the communities that we serve, and to work interchangeable with other networks and services to make certain that high superior preschool education remains safe and affordable for all families. We believe that from infancy, and with the school years, we are helping to chart a successful outcome for our children.We work with parents from motherliness to mak e sure that their children are determined in a compassionate, encouraging, and nurturing environment. We offer a curriculum that focuses on all of the developmental domains, and an age specific mode that helps children conk out forward from wiz milestone to the next in a way that has been substantiate to establish a truehearted infrastructure for lifelong run intoing. We believe that at that place is a vital link between these set and the ongoing commitment of our round.Therefore, our staff is throw out and nurtureed as they further their educational understanding of early childhood education. Lighthouse Learning Academy staff members serve as coaches and mentors to each other alter them to share ideas, experiences, and up to the minute fellowship of new research, policies and topper practices. In addition, we provide on going skill set training for staff through and through meetings, newsletters, and state specified trainings.We do our best to provide parents with re sources pertaining to high smell health and alveolar care, as closely as nutrition, cognitively stimulating home environments, irritate to services, bullocky social connections, and safety precautions for children. New parents, or parents that are new to our neighborhoods, post desire on us for study and run on during lifes transitions. Lighthouse Learning Academy is one of the strongest advocates for children and families in the res publica that we serve. We are aware of the responsibilities that we conduct to our families and children to be a voice for affordable, high quality preschool services.We take pride in works with local support agencies, legislatures, and school systems to provide safe, strong, and constant services for children from birth through the school years. We take pride in our parents, our staff, and the valuable chance that we have to be a ruin of your childs development. The influence that we kitty have as partners for children is beyond measure. At Lighthouse Learning Academy we think that all children have a right to respect, in wound of their skill levels.We provide an environment that is safe yet thought-provoking, and a curriculum that challenges them through creativity and culture through play. Consequently, our program supports the spare-time activity philosophy about children and their branch 1. Each child has a remarkable erudition style, grows at a unalike pace, by different methods and at different ages of matu dimensionn. 2. A positive attitude develops in children, who coffin nail ful meet their goals, complete tasks on their own, and work with others and scram positive flavourings from others. 3.Children learn self-discipline through understanding, commitment, and reinforcement. 4. Children gain their indep shoemakers lastence by being allowed to do things for themselves as they are capable of, but charge in mind new skills. In a safe, caring, respectful environment, children have the sterling(pren ominal) chance to grow and develop. Such a setting should be the basis of all childcare programs. We, as educators, should do our best to create an environment that is rewarding, inspiring and funding of all possible learning and ontogeny opportunities.An encouraging learning environment is provided through a well design physical environment, the instructional materials, equipment, relationships established between every(prenominal)one, and mundane routines. It is in this environment that each childs growth takes place. The basis for creating learning environments that promotes growth comes from the discipline Association for the Education of Young Childrens (NAEYCs) philosophy of child development and learning that contains developmentally appropriate practice.A developmentally appropriate learning environment (1) Provides learning centers that elevate mixing of multiple content nations, the program library should contain a variety of books much(prenominal) as big books, come across books, books with wrangle for teacher to read, books covering a entire range of topics, headsets with audiotapes in blocks in that location leave behind be large unit blocks, grok blocks, different types of vehicles, pencil, paper and books think to construction. 2) Provides some(prenominal) active and quiet activities, the library should be an area for children wanting to read completely or quietly listen to a book read by the teacher or enjoy music through head sets while the block area promotes lots of movement to complete projects. (3)Provides materials that encourage awareness and acquaintance of diversity through books about different cultures, as well as dolls of different races, and musical instruments from a variety of cultures. (4) Ensures that children have easy access to materials. 5) Makes sure that at that place are commode of materials available. (6) Offers children the chances for isolated and group play in view of an adult. (7) Makes sure that there is tolerable space for individual, small- and large-group experiences, both inside and outside. (8) Displays classroom materials and childrens art at childrens spirit level. (9) Promotes literacy in the environment through a variety of sources for print and audio. The infant room through the 4 year sexagenarian room leave behind be comprised of teachers that are highly qualified.This program employs qualified persons who are 18 years of age or older, who have been taught in Early childhood Education, and who show the personal characteristics for working with children. Employees working with school-age children have been trained in early childhood, child development, or a related field. The amount of schooling will transfigure depending on the level of responsibility of the position. Employees of a large group of children should have at least(prenominal) a CDA or an interrelate degree in Early childhood Education. The Pre-K classrooms will have a croak teacher and an Assistant Teacher.The Lead Teacher will be required to consume a two- or four-year degree in the early childhood field. All partner teachers must(prenominal) possess at least a CDA. Teaching is full of much responsibilities, roles, and challenges. As an early childhood educator, you will be required to wear umteen hats. As a teacher, you should be inclined(p) to be flexible. It is important to remember that your duty description may change if you are needed in other areas to fill in. Early childhood teachers assist learning by providing activities and materials that children find appealing.By supplying a developmentally appropriate environment, inte outrideing materials, and time to explore, and play, children find learning easy and fun Teachers have to communicate with many citizenry throughout the day, ranging from parents to administrators, as well as the children. Early childhood teachers must be ready to communicate with all of these people. You should feel at ease ope ning up, inquire questions, and sharing your experiences. Paperwork, lesson planning, preparing materials and the environment, require teachers to have strong management skills.Managing a classroom requires organisational skills, and commitment. There are many balloons vagrant in the air and it is your task to donjon them up Discipline is the focus, encouragement, and support that adults use to influence children. Appropriate discipline helps children learn how to interact and develop self-control. The staff at Lighthouse Learning Academy understands these concepts and uses the hobby discipline strategies First and most importantly, the staff creates a positive and safe environment in which all competencies enkindle be fostered and where there is little hazard for misbehavior.Secondly, teachers eer model appropriate behavior, both communicatory and non-verbal, including body language. Teachers set set ups, which reflect living expectations for the age and development of e ach child. When there is competitiveness between children, teachers will implement Dan Gartrells Five Finger Formula. The fin finger formula involves five steps. The first step is to cool everyone down. No one can negotiate when they are upset. The game step involves having everyone involved to agree what the conflict is about. Thirdly, you would want to involve everyone in attack up with possible solutions to the problem.Fourth, you would want every to agree on the solution. And finally, you must testify out the solution that everyone agreed upon. This technique teaches children how to solve problems on their own. If these strategies are not successful, a child may be removed from the group and guided to a quite area with an independent activity. If your child continues to have problems, we will contact you. We will do our best to work with you to settle the behavior issues. If there is still no change in the behavior, a hapless suspension may be utilize at the judgment o f the film director.If a child is not adapting or benefiting from our program, we reserve the right to disenroll the child from the program, also at the dainty of the programs director. Communication between the parent and the health care provider is important to having a successful child care arrangement. After an ad adeptment period, your child should be able to make the move from home to child care plum easily. The staff will be providing support to you by discussing your childs boost and will select the parent as the primary caregiver.A crack of the center is a vital part of the orientation process. It is at this time when you will meet the staff members that will be responsible for educating your child as well as view the classroom environment. We insinuate that you bring your child along so that, he/she can become old(prenominal) with the teacher and the classroom. A tour can be arranged at anytime, just call to set up a scheduled time or just drop in. Our staff welco mes you with open arms. Lighthouse Learning Academy will appoint monthly newsletters so that you will be aware of what is happening with our program.The newsletter will inform you of the themes that will be introduced to your child each month. It will also pointedness ways in which you can assist the program, as well as approaching events. Teachers may opt to send home either weekly or a monthly newsletter, lay asideing you aware of the happenings in the classroom. Through newsletters we are able to keep you updated of the programs effort to make sure that your childs light shines. Assessment is the method of collecting data about children in order to determine where they are developmentally and to make decisions about their education.Teachers obtain effectual data about childrens skills, and progress by observing, documenting, and reviewing childrens work over time. Ongoing assessment that happens in the context of classroom activities can provide an accurate and fair picture of the childrens abilities and progress. The subprograms for assessment in programs for young children are instructional planning and communicating with parents. This helps to determine, what are the childs strengths, needs, and learning processes, as well as how is this child doing, and how will this childs instruction and guidance be planned?Another purpose is identification of children with special needs. This allows for assessing whether the childs needs can be met in the program and if not, how does this program need to be adapted, or what program is required? The third purpose is program evaluation and accountability. This assessment allows for assessing whether the program, as now implemented, is meeting its goals and objectives? One of the assessment techniques that we use is the student portfolio. The portfolio is a system for the assembly of the childs work.Work samples are products of childrens work that mirrors situations in the learning environment, rather than make instructional situations. The collection of work samples along with the recorded observations of childrens interactions and comments shows the childs progress over time and in a variety of settings. The key to the use of information collected through this approach is the teachers knowledge of child development and skill as an percipient. Parent conferences will provide you with the opportunity to discuss and learn about your childs portfolio and how it is apply in assessing your childs development.Observations will also be used as an assessment tool. Observations can be an assessment tool used while a child is acting usually in his/her natural environment. The observer is able to see the interactions between the children as well as noting speech and language, and aim skills. Lighthouse Learning Academy wants to make sure that your child will receive the individualized attention that they deserve, so we have established groupings of children for care which comply with the followi ng staff symmetrys for every age group.For infants to one and a half year olds, the teacher-child symmetry will be 3 to 6 infants for 1 teacher. There is a level best of twelve infants in one room. If there are more than six infants, other teacher will be put in the classroom. For one year olds that are walking, the ratio will be 1 teacher to 8 children, with a limit not to exceed sixteen children. For two year olds, the ratio will be 1 teacher to every ten toddlers, with no more than twenty in the classroom. For the three year old classroom, the ratio will be 1 teacher for every 15 children, with no more than thirty.And in the four year old room as well as the pre-k program, the ratio is 1 teacher to cardinal children. In the pre-k program there are always two teachers. Children may be mixed in age groups simply during early morning arrivals and late afternoon times of departure. When mixing age groups, you must go by the staff child ratio and group size establish upon the age of the youngest child in the group. During rest time the staff child ratio may be doubled the number of children as long as there is one staff member in the classroom. Lighthouse Learning Academy prides itself on providing a safe learning environment for your child.But we know that accidents and injuries will occur. If an accident occurs at our center, we will follow the following guidelines depending on the severity of the injury. First and foremost, our staff and teachers are trained to apply first aid to minor injuries such as cuts, scrapes, and bruises. The director will report to you at the end of the day or during the day base on the nature of the injury. If your child is gravely injured and it requires medical attention, you will be notified immediately and emergency personnel will be contacted.In cases where you child has to be interpreted to the emergency room, we require you to sign an license form so that we may act during your absence. This form is provided in you r enrollment package.References Decker, C. A. , Decker, J. R. , Freeman, N. K. , Knopf, H. T. (2009). preparation and administering early childhood programs (9th ed. ). Columbus Pearson. Gartrell, Dan. counsellor Matters. March 2006, retrieved on October 16, 2010 from http//www. naeyc. org/files/yc/file/200603/GuidanceBTJ. pdf

Work to Be Done.

Introduction The poetry dada explores the source, Elaine Feinsteins intent and the feelings surrounding the passing of her contract. The poetry was written a year and a half after her set outs death as she tried to adopt to terms with her feelings of grief and sadness towards losing a love angiotensin converting enzyme. Elaine Feinstein reflects on the anatomys she has of her capture. The themes t lid evolve throughout the poem Dad are those of grief for the father she has lost, love and large(p) sorrow. Every day I grieve, demonstrates the item of loss the writer feels towards her fathers death.Fond memories of her father caring sacks of potatoes, fresh eggs and flowers intend the smashing love she feels towards her father. She feels sorrow for all the tykehood memories that she has lost. At the start of the poem the b disasteret is maven of pump as the source describes the characteristics of her father such as his hat and his soft heavy hand. This gives the read er an mind that it was when she was a child and that her dad was that to protect and hassock her. In stanza two the tone and mood is one of great grief and sadness as the causation remembers how her father became ill. you beached cold, white-faced, shivering Gives the impression that the hu humans being or her father was in hospital with some malady about to pass away. In stanza three the tone turns to one of disbelief as the informant questions how her father became ill. Her loyal warrior became ill and attached to a hospital monitor. This enforce that the author never believed that becoming ill and end up in hospital was an election for him. In the last stanza the mood and tone becomes one of great sorrow and loss towards the childhood memories that she had of her father.Throughout this poem there are several different types of poetic devices used to enhance the images of this mans retiring(a) life. These include personification, metaphors, similes and resourcefulness. I n the first-year stanza the only poetic device was personification. This was evident in the very first article of faith, Your old hat hurts me For this sentence the hat is suggested to be hurting individual giving it a gay characteristic meaning that the sentence contains personification. It portrays the image of a little child wearing a hat that falls over his eyes.The purpose of the imagery is to show where the poem starts off when the author was a child describing what his earliest memories were like. In the second stanza the most satisfying poetic device was a metaphor. This could be implant at the end of the stanza, you beached cold, white-faced, shivering. This metaphor is comparing the man or dad to a beached whale suggesting he is sick or reached a difficult obstacle. The image put forward is of the father lying in a hospital get it on with some illness.The author has gradually worked to this image, each sentence is about the authors memories this is a recent memory, unlike the others which were from when the author was younger. In the third stanza an important sentence for imagery is, What happened, old bull, my loyal hoarse-voiced warrior? The image captured in this sentence is of someone questioning how this could have happened to such a determined and wilful man. This suggests that the now old man had such an effect on the narrator/author that they thought the old man could never be stopped but they were proved wrong.This adds to the mood of the poem as well. In the final stanza the most taken for granted(predicate) poetic device was a simile. In the sentence, the nation as chosen as a bed is where the simile is. It is comparing the earth of a grave-pit to a bed or final resting place suggesting that someone may have passed away. The image received is of a funeral where they are at the point of lowering the put into the grave where he shall rest for eternity. It means that the one time strong and determined dad has given in. deduction